Nivsb, tnisb, and esvsb

1 The Peoples / Nations Brought Forth by Noah’s Sons

and Their Divinely Foiled Attempt to Provide Unity for All Humanity

Genesis 10:1-11:9, Introduction
Please read Genesis 10:1-11:9 very carefully from NIVSB, TNISB, and ESVSB, including their footnotes, before continuing to use these study-notes. Get a good Bible atlas, and seek to locate most of the descendants of Noah by geographical location. And do not forget to pray for Divine guidance in your study!
The table of nations--all peoples in all nations are equally the descendants of Noah–long before the existence of Israel--(10:1-32)¹

The story of Nimrod

Humanity's rebellion against the Divine command to "fill the earth and subdue it"--getting a name / through building a huge central place of worship that reaches up to heaven.--(11:1-9)

Genesis 10:1-11:9, Hebrew Text with EnglishTranslation

10.1 rx;a; ~ynIB' ~h,l' Wdl.W"YIw: tp,y"w" ~x' ~ve x;nO-ynEB. tdol.AT hL,aew>

`lWBM;h; And these–birthings of Noah’s sons, Shem, Ham and Japheth–and sons were born to them after the flood.

10.2 `sr'ytiw> %v,m,W lb'tuw> !w"y"w> yd;m'W gAgm'W rm,GO tp,y< ynEB. Sons of Japheth:

Gomer, and Maghogh, and Madhay, and Yawan, and Thubhal, and Meshek and Thiyras. 10.3 `hm'r>g:tow> tp;yrIw> zn:K]v.a; rm,GO ynEb.W And sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, and Riyphath, and Thogharmah. 10.4 `~ynId'dow> ~yTiKi vyvir>t;w> hv'ylia/ !w"y" ynEb.W And sons of Yawan: Eliyshah, and Tharshiysh, Kittiym and Dhodhaniym. 10.5 ~yIAGh; yYEai Wdr>p.nI hL,aeme

`~h,yEAgB. ~t'xoP.v.mil. Anvol.li vyai ~t'cor>a;B. From these, coastlands of the nations were divided, in their lands, each one by his (own) language, by their tribes, by their nations.

10.6 `![;n"k.W jWpW ~yIr;c.miW vWK ~x' ynEb.W And sons of Ham: Cush, and Egypt, and Phut, and Canaan. 10.7 hm'[.r;w> hT'b.s;w> hl'ywIx]w: ab's. vWk ynEb.W

`!d'd>W ab'v. hm'[.r; ynEb.W ak'T.b.s;w> And Cush’s sons: Sebha, and Chawiylah, and Sabhtah, and Raemah, and Sabhtekha; and Raemah’s sons: Shebha and Dhedhan. 10.8

`#r,a'B' rBoGI tAyh.li lxehe aWh drom.nI- ta, dl;y" vWkw. And Cush gave birth to Nimrod–he began to be a mighty man in the land. 10.9 hw"hy> ynEp.li dyIc;-rBogI hy"h'-aWh

`hw"hy> ynEp.li dyIc; rABGI drom.nIK. rm;a'yE !Ke-l[; He was a mighty man of hunt before YHWH; therefore it will be said, “Like Nimrod, a mighty man of hunt before YHWH.” 10.10 `r['n>vi #r,a,B. hnEl.k;w> dK;a;w> %r,a,w> lb,B' ATk.l;m.m; tyviare yhiT.w: And (the) beginning of his kingdom–Babel / Babylon; and Erek, and Akkadh, and Khalneh, in Shinar / Mesopotamia-land. 10.11 `xl;K'-ta,w> ry[i tboxor>-ta,w> hwEn>ynI-ta, !b,YIw: rWVa; ac'y" awhih; #r,a'h'-!mi From that land Ashshur went out; and he built Niynweh, and Rechobhoth-City, and Calah, 10.12 `hl'doG>h; ry[ih' awhi xl;K' !ybeW hwEn>ynI !yBe !s,r,-ta,w> and Resen, between Niynweh and Calah–it (is) the great city. 10.13 ~ydIWl-ta, dl;y" ~yIr;c.miW

`~yxiTup.n:-ta,w> ~ybih'l.-ta,w> ~ymin"[]-ta,w> And Egypt gave birth to Ludites, and to Anamiym, and to Lehabhiym, and to Naphtuchiym, 10.14 ~yxilus.K;-ta,w> ~ysirut.P;-ta,w>

`~yrITop.K;-ta,w> ~yTiv.liP. ~V'mi Wac.y" rv,a] and to Pathrusiym, and to Kasluchiym, from whom Philistines went out, and to Kaphtoriym. 10.15 ta,w> ArkoB. !doyci-ta, dl;y" ![;n:k.W

`txe- And Canaan gave birth to Sidhon his first-born, and to Hittite, 10.16 ysiWby>h;-ta,w>

`yviG"r>GIh; taew> yrImoa/h'-ta,w> and to the Yebhusi, and to the Amori, and to the Girgashiy, 10.17 `ynIySih;-ta,w> yqir>[;h;-ta,w> yWIxih;-ta,w> and to the Chiwwi, and to the Arqi, and to the Siyni, 10.18 tAxP.v.mi Wcpon" rx;a;w> ytim'x]h;-ta,w> yrIm'C.h;-ta,w> ydIw"r>a;h'-ta,w>

`ynI[]n:K.h; and to the Arwadhi, and to the Tsemari, and to the Chamathi; and afterwards tribes of the Canaanite were scattered. 10.19 -d[; hr'r'g> hk'a]Bo !doyCimi ynI[]n:K.h; lWbG> yhiy>w:

`[v;l'-d[; ~yIboc.W hm'd>a;w> hr'mo[]w: hm'dos. hk'a]Bo hZ"[; And the border of the Canaanite was from Sidon, as you go to Gherar as far as Azzah; as you go to Sodom and Gomorrah and Adhmah and Tsebhoyim, as far as Lasha. 10.20 ~t'nOvol.li ~t'xoP.v.mil. ~x'-ynEb. hL,ae

`~h,yEAgB. ~t'cor>a;B. These are Ham’s sons, by their tribes, by their languages, in their lands among their nations.

10.21 `lAdG"h; tp,y< yxia] rb,[e-ynEB.-lK' ybia] aWh-~G: dL;yU ~vel.W And to

Shem was given birth, also he–father of all Eber’s sons, brother of Japheth, the great one. 10.22 `~r'a]w: dWlw> dv;k.P;r>a;w> rWVa;w> ~l'y[e ~ve ynEB. Shem’s sons: Eylam, and Ashshur, and Arphakhshadh, and Ludh and Aram. 10.23 `vm;w" rt,g lWxw> #W[ ~r'a] ynEb.W And Aram’s sons: Uts, and Chul, and Ghether, and Mash. 10.24 xl;v'-ta, dl;y" dv;k.P;r>a;w>

`rb,[e-ta, dl;y" xl;v,w> And Arphakhshadh gave birth to Shelach; and Shelach gave birth to Eber. 10.25 #r,a'h' hg"l.p.nI wym'y"b. yKi gl,P, dx'a,h' ~ve ~ynIb' ynEv. dL;yU rb,[el.W

`!j'q.y" wyxia' ~vew> And to Eber was born two sons; name of the one, Peleg, because in his days the land was divided; and his brother’s name, Yoqtan. 10.26 -ta, dl;y" !j'q.y"w>

`xr;y"-ta,w> twc;x]-ta,w> @l,v'-ta,w> dd'Aml.a; And Yoqtan gave birth to Almodhadh, and to Sheleph, and to Chatsarmaweth, and to Yarach, 10.27 ta,w> lz"Wa-ta,w> ~r'Adh]-ta,w `hl'q.DI- and to Hadhoram, and to Uzal, and to Diqlah, 10.28 laem'ybia]-ta,w> lb'A[-ta,w>

`ab'v.-ta,w> and to Obhal, and to Abhiymael, and to Shebha, 10.29 -ta,w> rpiAa-ta,w>

`!j'q.y" ynEB. hL,ae-lK' bb'Ay-ta,w> hl'ywIx] and to Ophir, and to Chawiylah, and to Yobhabh –all these, sons of Yoqtan. 10.30 `~d,Q,h; rh; hr'p's. hk'a]Bo av'Memi ~b'v'Am yhiy>w And their dwelling-place was from Mesha, as you go to Sephar, the eastern mountain. 10.31 hL,ae `~h,yEAgl. ~t'cor>a;B. ~t'nOvol.li ~t'xoP.v.mil. ~ve-ynEb. These–Shem’s sons, by their tribes, by their languages, in their lands, by their nations. 10.32 x;nO-ynEB. txoP.v.mi hL,ae

`lWBM;h; rx;a; #r,a'B' ~yIAGh; Wdr>p.nI hL,aemeW ~h,yEAgB. ~t'dol.Atl. These–Noah’s sons’ tribes, by their birthings, by their nations; and from these were divided the nations in the earth, after the flood.

11.1 `~ydIx'a] ~yrIb'd>W tx'a, hp'f' #r,a'h'-lk' yhiy>w; And it happened: all the

earth (had) one speech, and one (type of) words. 11.2 Wac.m.YIw: ~d,Q,mi ~['s.n"B. yhiy.w;

`~v' Wbv.YEw: r['n>vi #r,a,B. h['q.bi And it happened as they journeyed eastwards–and they found a valley in Shinar / Mesopotamia-land; and they settled there. 11.3 vyai Wrm.aYOw:

!b,a'l. hn"beL.h; ~h,l' yhiT.w: hp'ref.li hp'r>f.nIw> ~ynIbel. hn"B.l.nI hb'h' Wh[ere-la,

`rm,xol; ~h,l' hy"h' rm'xeh;w> And they said, each one to his neighbor, Come, let us make bricks; and let us burn (them) with a burning! And the brick(s) were stone(s) for them; and the asphalt was mortar for them. 11.4 Avarow> lD'g>miW ry[i WnL'-hn

`#r,a'h'-lk' ynEP.-l[; #Wpn"-!P, ~ve WnL'-hf,[]n:w> ~yIm;V'b; And they said, Come–let us build for ourselves a city, and a tower; and its head in the heavens–and we will make for ourselves a name; or else we will be scattered, upon all the earth’s surface!

11.5 `~d'a'h' ynEB. WnB' rv,a] lD'g>Mih;-ta,w> ry[ih'-ta, taor>li hw"hy> dr,YEw:

And YHWH came down to see the city and the tower which the human’s sons built. 11.6

-al{ hT'[;w> tAf[]l; ~L'xih; hz ~L'kul. tx;a; hp'f'w> dx'a, ~[; !he hw"hy> rm,aYOw:

`tAf[]l; Wmz>y" rv,a] lKo ~h,me rceB'yI And YHWH said, Look–one people, and one

speech for all of them; and this (is) their beginning to do; and now, everything they will purpose to do will not be cut off from them. 11.7 al{ rv,a] ~t'p'f. ~v' hl'b.n"w> hd'r>nE hb'h'…

`Wh[ere tp;f. vyai W[m.v.yI Come, let us go down, and let us confuse there their speech, so that they will not understand, each one his neighbor’s speech! 11.8 ~V'mi ~t'ao hw"hy> #p,Y"w: `ry[ih' tnOb.li WlD>x.Y:w: #r,a'h'-lk' ynEP.-l[; And YHWH scattered them from there, upon all the earth’s surfaces; and they ceased to build the city. 11.9 -yKi lb,B' Hm'v. ar'q' !Ke-l[; `#r,a'h'-lK' ynEP.-l[; hw"hy> ~c'ypih/ ~V'miW #r,a'h'-lK' tp;f. hw"hy> ll;B' ~v' Therefore He called its name Babel / Babylon (Confusion) because there YHWH confused all the earth’s speech; and from there YHWH scattered them upon all the earth’s surface.

The Peoples / Nations Brought Forth by Noah’s Sons

and Their Divinely Foiled Attempt to Provide Unity for All Humanity

Genesis 10:1-11:9, Hebrew Text with Translation and Footnotes

10.1² rx;a; ~ynIB' ~h,l' Wdl.W"YIw: tp,y"w" ~x' ~ve x;nO-ynEB. tdol.AT hL,aew>

`lWBM;h; And these–birthings³ of Noah’s sons, Shem, Ham⁴ and Japheth⁵–and sons⁶ were born to them after the flood.⁷

10.2 `sr'ytiw> %v,m,W lb'tuw> !w"y"w> yd;m'W gAgm'W rm,GO tp,y< ynEB. Sons of Japheth:⁸

Gomer,⁹ and Maghogh,¹⁰ and Madhay,¹¹ and Yawan,¹² and Thubhal,¹³ and Meshek¹⁴ and Thiyras.¹⁵ 10.3 `hm'r>g:tow> tp;yrIw> zn:K]v.a; rm,GO ynEb.W And sons of Gomer:<sup>16</sup> Ashkenaz,<sup>17</sup> and Riyphath,<sup>18</sup> and Thogharmah.<sup>19</sup> 10.4 `~ynId'dow> ~yTiKi vyvir>t;w> hv'ylia/ !w"y" ynEb.W

And sons of Greece:²⁰ Elishah,²¹ and Tarshish,²² Cyprus²³ and Dhodhaniym.²⁴ 10.5 hL,aeme `~h,yEAgB. ~t'xoP.v.mil. Anvol.li vyai ~t'cor>a;B. ~yIAGh; yYEai Wdr>p.nI From these,²⁵

coastlands of the nations²⁶ were divided,²⁷ in their lands, each one by his (own) language, by their tribes, by their nations.²⁸

10.6²⁹ `![;n"k.W jWpW ~yIr;c.miW vWK ~x' ynEb.W And sons of Ham: Cush,³⁰ and Egypt,³¹ and Phut,³² and Canaan.³³ 10.7 hm'[.r;w> hT'b.s;w> hl'ywIx]w: ab's. vWk ynEb.W

`!d'd>W ab'v. hm'[.r; ynEb.W ak'T.b.s;w> And Cush’s<sup>34</sup> sons: Seba,<sup>35</sup> and Havilah,<sup>36</sup> andSabta,<sup>37</sup> and Raamah,<sup>38</sup> and Sabteka;<sup>39</sup> and Raamah’s sons: Sheba<sup>40</sup> and Dedan.<sup>41</sup> 10.8<sup>42</sup> `#r,a'B' rBoGI tAyh.li lxehe aWh drom.nI-ta, dl;y" vWkw> And Cush⁴³ gave birth⁴⁴ to Nimrod⁴⁵–he began to be a mighty man⁴⁶ in the land. 10.9 ynEp.li dyIc;-rBogI hy"h'-aWh

`hw")hy> ynEïp.li dyIc:ß rABïGI dro±m.nIK. rm;êa'yE) ‘!Ke-l[; hw"hy> He was a mighty man of hunt⁴⁷

before YHWH;⁴⁸ therefore it will be said,⁴⁹ “Like Nimrod, a mighty man of hunt before YHWH.”⁵⁰ 10.10 `r['n>vi #r,a,B. hnEl.k;w> dK;a;w> %r,a,w> lb,B' ATk.l;m.m; tyviare yhiT.w: And (the)

beginning⁵¹ of his kingdom⁵²–Babel / Babylon;⁵³ and Erek,⁵⁴ and Akkad,⁵⁵ and Calneh,⁵⁶ in Shinar / Mesopotamia-land.⁵⁷ 10.11 ta,w> hwEn>ynI-ta, !b,YIw: rWVa; ac'y" awhih; #r,a'h'-!mi

`xl;K'-ta,w ry[i tboxor>-> From that land Ashshur<sup>58</sup> went out;<sup>59</sup> and he built Nineveh,<sup>60</sup> and Rehoboth-City,<sup>61</sup> and Calah,<sup>62</sup> 10.12 `hl'doG>h; ry[ih' awhi xl;K' !ybeW hwEn>ynI !yBe !s,r,-ta,w> and Resen,⁶³ between Nineveh⁶⁴ and Calah⁶⁵–it (is) the great city.⁶⁶ 10.13 dl;y" ~yIr;c.miW

`~yxiTup.n:-ta,w> ~ybih'l.-ta,w> ~ymin"[]-ta,w> ~ydIWl-ta, And Egypt<sup>67</sup> gave birth to Ludites,<sup>68</sup> and to Anamites,<sup>69</sup> and to Lehabites,<sup>70</sup> and to Naphtucites,<sup>71</sup> 10.14 -ta,w> ~ysirut.P;-ta,w> `~yrITop.K;-ta,w> ~yTiv.liP. ~V'mi Wac.y" rv,a] ~yxilus.K and to Pathrosites,⁷² and to Casluhites,⁷³ from whom Philistines⁷⁴ went out, and to Cretans.⁷⁵ 10.15 !doyci-ta ,dl;y" ![;n:k.W `txe-ta,w> ArkoB. And Canaan⁷⁶ gave birth to Sidhon⁷⁷ his first-born, and to Hittite,⁷⁸ 10.16

`yviG"r>GIh; taew> yrImoa/h'-ta,w> ysiWby>h;-ta,w> and to the Yebusi,<sup>79</sup> and to the Amori,<sup>80</sup> and to the Girgashites,<sup>81</sup> 10.17 `ynIySih;-ta,w> yqir>[;h;-ta,w> yWIxih;-ta,w> and to the Hivites,⁸² and to the Arqites,⁸³ and to the Sinites,⁸⁴ 10.18 ytim'x]h;-ta,w> yrIm'C.h;-ta,w> ydIw"r>a;h'-ta,w> `ynI[]n:K.h; tAxP.v.mi Wcpon" rx;a;w> and to the Arwadites,⁸⁵ and to the Tsemarites,⁸⁶ and to the Hamathites;⁸⁷ and afterwards tribes of the Canaanite were scattered.⁸⁸ 10.19 lWbG> yhiy>w:

~yIboc.W hm'd>a;w> hr'mo[]w: hm'dos. hk'a]Bo hZ"[;-d[; hr'r'g> hk'a]Bo !doyCimi ynI[]n:K.h;

`[v;l'-d[; And<sup>89</sup> the border<sup>90</sup> of the Canaanite was from Sidon,<sup>91</sup> as you go to<sup>92</sup> Gherar<sup>93</sup> as far as<sup>94</sup> Azzah;<sup>95</sup> as you go to<sup>96</sup> Sodom<sup>97</sup> and Gomorrah<sup>98</sup> and Admah<sup>99</sup> and Tseboim,<sup>100</sup> as far as<sup>101</sup> Lasha.<sup>102</sup> 10.20 `~h,yEAgB. ~t'cor>a;B. ~t'nOvol.li ~t'xoP.v.mil. ~x'-ynEb. hL,ae These are Ham’s sons, by their tribes, by their languages, in their lands among their nations.¹⁰³

10.21¹⁰⁴ `lAdG"h; tp,y< yxia] rb,[e-ynEB.-lK' ybia] aWh-~G: dL;yU ~vel.W And to

Shem¹⁰⁵ was given birth, also he¹⁰⁶–father of all Eber’s sons,¹⁰⁷ brother of Japheth, the great one.¹⁰⁸ 10.22¹⁰⁹ `////~r'a]w: dWlw> dv;k.P;r>a;w> rWVa;w> ~l'y[e ~ve ynEB. Shem’s sons: Elam,<sup>110</sup> and Assyria,<sup>111</sup> and Arpakhshad,<sup>112</sup> and Lud<sup>113</sup> and Aram.<sup>114</sup> 10.23 ~r'a] ynEb.W `vm;w" rt,g lWxw> #W[ And Aram’s sons: Uts,¹¹⁵ and Chul,¹¹⁶ and Gether,¹¹⁷ and Mash.¹¹⁸ 10.24 `rb,[e-ta, dl;y" xl;v,w> xl;v'-ta, dl;y" dv;k.P;r>a;w> And Arpakhshad¹¹⁹ gave birth

to¹²⁰ Shelach;¹²¹ and Shelach gave birth to Eber.¹²² 10.25 ~ve ~ynIb' ynEv. dL;yU rb,[el.W `!j'q.y" wyxia' ~vew> #r,a'h' hg"l.p.nI wym'y"b. yKi gl,P, dx'a,h' And to Eber was born¹²³ two sons: name of the one, Peleg,¹²⁴ because in his days the land was divided;¹²⁵ and his brother’s name, Yoqtan.¹²⁶ 10.26 ta,w> twc;x]-ta,w> @l,v'-ta,w> dd'Aml.a;-ta, dl;y" !j'q.y"w>

`xr;y"- And Yoqtan gave birth to Almodhadh,<sup>127</sup> and to Sheleph,<sup>128</sup> and to Chatsarmaweth,<sup>129</sup> and to Yarach,<sup>130</sup> 10.27 `hl'q.DI-ta,w> lz"Wa-ta,w> ~r'Adh]-ta,w and to Hadhoram,¹³¹ and to Uzal,¹³² and to Diqlah,¹³³ 10.28 `ab'v.-ta,w> laem'ybia]-ta,w> lb'A[-ta,w> and to Obhal,¹³⁴ and to Abhiymael,¹³⁵ and to Sheba,¹³⁶ 10.29 e-lK' bb'Ay-ta,w> hl'ywIx]-ta,w> rpiAa-ta,w>

`!j'q.y" ynEB. hL,a and to Ophir,<sup>137</sup> and to Havilah,<sup>138</sup> and to Yobab<sup>139</sup>–all these, sons of Yoqtan.<sup>140</sup> 10.30 `~d,Q,h; rh; hr'p's. hk'a]Bo av'Memi ~b'v'Am yhiy>w And their dwelling-

place was from Mesha,¹⁴¹ as you go to Sephar,¹⁴² the eastern mountain.¹⁴³ 10.31 ~ve-ynEb. hL,ae `~h,yEAgl. ~t'cor>a;B. ~t'nOvol.li ~t'xoP.v.mil. These–Shem’s sons, by their tribes, by their languages, in their lands, by their nations.¹⁴⁴ 10.32 ~t'dol.Atl. x;nO-ynEB. txoP.v.mi hL,ae

`lWBM;h; rx;a; #r,a'B' ~yIAGh; Wdr>p.nI hL,aemeW ~h,yEAgB. These–Noah’s sons’ tribes, by their birthings, by their nations; and from these were divided¹⁴⁵ the nations in the earth, after the flood.¹⁴⁶

11.1¹⁴⁷ `~ydIx'a] ~yrIb'd>W tx'a, hp'f' #r,a'h'-lk' yhiîy>w:¥ And it happened:¹⁴⁸ all the

earth¹⁴⁹ (had) one speech,¹⁵⁰ and one (type of) words.¹⁵¹ 11.2 ¹⁵² ~d,Q,mi ~['s.n"B. yhiy.w

`~v' Wbv.YEw: r['n>vi #r,a,B. h['q.bi Wac.m.YIw: And it happened as they journeyed¹⁵³
eastwards¹⁵⁴ –and they found¹⁵⁵ a valley¹⁵⁶ in Shinar / Mesopotamia-land;¹⁵⁷ and they settled

there.¹⁵⁸ 11.3¹⁵⁹ hp'ref.li hp'r>f.nIw> ~ynIbel. hn"B.l.nI hb'h' Wh[ere-la, vyai Wrm.aYOw:

`rm,xol; ~h,l' hy"h' rm'xeh;w> !b,a'l. hn"beL.h; ~h,l' hiT.w: And they said, each one to

his neighbor,¹⁶⁰ Come,¹⁶¹ let us make bricks;¹⁶² and let us burn (them) with a burning!¹⁶³ And the brick(s) were stone(s) for them; and the asphalt¹⁶⁴ was mortar for them.¹⁶⁵ 11.4 Wrm.aYOw:

ynEP.-l[; #Wpn"-!P, ~ve WnL'-hf,[]n:w> ~yIm;V'b; Avarow> lD'g>miW ry[i WnL'-hn

`#r,a'h'-lk' And they said, Come–let us build for ourselves a city, and a tower;¹⁶⁶ and its

head¹⁶⁷ in the heavens¹⁶⁸–and we will make for ourselves a name;¹⁶⁹ or else we will be scattered,¹⁷⁰ upon all the earth’s surface!¹⁷¹

11.5¹⁷² `~d'a'h' ynEB. WnB' rv,a] lD'g>Mih;-ta,w> ry[ih'-ta, taor>li hw"hy> dr,YEw:

And YHWH came down¹⁷³ to see the city and the tower which the human’s sons¹⁷⁴ built.¹⁷⁵ 11.6

-al{ hT'[;w> tAf[]l; ~L'xih; hz ~L'kul. tx;a; hp'f'w> dx'a, ~[; !he hw"hy> rm,aYOw:

`tAf[]l; Wmz>y" rv,a] lKo ~h,me rceB'yI And YHWH said,¹⁷⁶ Look–one people,¹⁷⁷ and one

speech for all of them;¹⁷⁸ and this (is) their beginning¹⁷⁹ to do;¹⁸⁰ and now, everything they will purpose¹⁸¹ to do will not be cut off¹⁸² from them.¹⁸³ 11.7 ~t'p'f. ~v' hl'b.n"w> hd'r>nE hbh''

`Wh[ere tp;f. vyai W[m.v.yI al{ rv,a] Come, let us go down, and let us confuse¹⁸⁴ there

their speech,¹⁸⁵ so that they will not understand,¹⁸⁶ each one his neighbor’s speech!¹⁸⁷ 11.8 `ry[ih' tnOb.li WlD>x.Y:w: #r,a'h'-lk' ynEP.-l[; ~V'mi ~t'ao hw"hy> #p,Y"w: And YHWH scattered¹⁸⁸ them from there, upon all the earth’s surface;¹⁸⁹ and they ceased to build the city.¹⁹⁰ 11.9 ~c'ypih/ ~V'miW #r,a'h'-lK' tp;f. hw"hy> ll;B' ~v'-yKi lb,B' Hm'v. ar'q' !Ke-l[;

`#r,a'h'-lK' ynEP.-l[; hw"hy> Therefore¹⁹¹ he called¹⁹² its name Babel / Babylon,¹⁹³ because there YHWH confused all the earth’s speech;¹⁹⁴ and from there YHWH scattered them upon all the earth’s surface.¹⁹⁵

The Descendants Brought Forth by Shem

Introduction, Genesis 11:10-26
Now read Genesis 11:10-26 from NIVSB, TNISB and ESVSB, including all their footnotes, before continuing with the use of these footnotes. Pray constantly for Divine guidance as you let the biblical text teach you.
The “Semitic” birth-line that ends in Abram–11:10-26¹⁹⁶
Genesis 11:10-26, Hebrew Text with English Translation
11:10 ~yIt;n"v. dv'k.P;r>a;-ta, dl,AYw: hn"v' ta;m.-!B, ~ve ~ve tdol.AT hL,ae

`lWBM;h; rx;a; These–birthings of Shem. Shem, a son of a hundred year(s), and he gave birth to Arpakhshad, two years after the flood. 11:11 dv'k.P;r>a;-ta, AdyliAh yrex]a; ~ve-yxiy>w:

`tAnb'W ~ynIB' dl,AYw: hn"v' tAame vmex] And Shem lived after his giving birth to Arpakhshad five hundred year(s); and he gave birth (to) sons and daughters. 11:12 vmex' yx; dv;k.P;r>a;w>

`xl;v'-ta, dl,AYw: hn"v' ~yvil{v.W And Arpakhshad lived five and thirty year(s); and he gave birth to Shelach. 11:13 [B;r>a;w> ~ynIv' vl{v' xl;v,-ta, AdyliAh yrex]a; dv;k.P;r>a; yxiy>w:

`tAnb'W ~ynIB' dl,AYw: hn"v' tAame And Arpakhshad lived after his giving birth to Shelach three years and four hundred year(s); and he gave birth (to) sons and daughters. 11:14 xl;v,w.;

`rb,[e-ta, dl,AYw: hn"v' ~yvil{v. yx; And Shelach lived thirty year(s), and he gave birth to Eber. 11:15 dl,AYw: hn"v' tAame' [B;r>a;w> ~ynIv' vl{v' rb,[e-dyliAh yrex]a; xl;v,-yxiy>w:

`tAnb'W ~ynIB' And Shelach lived after his giving birth to Eber three years and four hundred year(s); and he gave birth to sons and daughters. 11:16 hn"v' ~yvil{v.W [B;r>a; rb,[e-yxiy>w:

`gl,P-ta', dl,AYw: And Eber lived four and thirty year(s), and he gave birth to Pelegh. 11:17 ~ynIB' dl,AYw: hn"v' tAame [B;r>a;w> hn"v' ~yvil{v. gl,P,-ta, AdyliAh yrex]a; rb,[e-yxiy>w:

`tAnb'W And Eber lived after his giving birth to Pelegh thirty year(s) and four hundred year(s); and he gave birth (to) sons and daughters. 11:18 `W[r>-ta, dl,AYw: hn"v' ~yvil{v. gl,p,-yxiy>w; And Pelegh lived thirty year(s), and he gave birth to Reu. 11:19 AdyliAh yrex]a; gl,p,-yxiy>w:

`tAnb'W ~ynIB' dl,AYw: hn"v' ~yIt;am'W ~ynIv' [v;Te W[r>-ta, And Pelegh lived after his giving birth to Reu nine years and two hundred year(s); and he gave birth (to) sons and daughters. 11:20 `gWrf.-ta, dl,AYw: hn"v' ~yvil{v.W ~yIT;v. W[r> yxiy>w: And Reu lived two and thirty year(s); and he gave birth to Serugh. 11:21 gWrf.-ta, AdyliAh yrex]a; W[r> yxiy>w:

`tAnb'W ~ynIB' dl,AYw: hn"v' ~yIt;am'W ~ynIv' [b;v, And Reu lived after his giving birth to Serugh seven years and two hundred year(s); and he gave birth (to) sons and daughters. 11:22 `rAxn"-ta, dl,AYw: hn"v' ~yvil{v. gWrf. yxiy>w: And Serugh lived thirty year(s), and he gave birth to Nachor. 11:23 ~ynIB' dl,AYw: hn"v' ~yIt;am' rAxn"-ta, AdyliAh yrex]a; gWrf. yxiy>w: `tAnb'W And Serugh lived after his giving birth to Nachor two hundred year(s); and he gave birth (to) sons and daughters. 11:24 `xr;T'-ta, dl,AYw: hn"v' ~yrIf.[,w> [v;Te rAxn" yxiy>w: And Nachor lived nine and twenty year(s), and he gave birth to Terach. 11:25 yrex]a; rAxn" yxiy>w:

`tAnb'W ~ynIB' dl,AYw: hn"v' ta;m.W hn"v' href.[,-[v;T. xr;T,-ta, AdyliAh And Nachor lived after his giving birth to Terach nineteen year(s), and a hundred year(s); and he gave birth (to) sons and daughters. 11:26 rAxªn"-ta, ~r'b.a;-ta, dl,AYw; hn"v' ~y[ib.vi xr;t,-yxiy>w:

`!r'h'-ta,w> And Terach lived seventy year(s), and he gave birth to Abram, to Nachor, and to Haran.