Navai state mining institute the mining faculty independent work

Remember:

oxidation is the gain of oxygen by a substance

reduction is the loss of oxygen by a substance

a redox reaction involves the loss and gain of oxygen

Coal: 7.4 billion tonnes

The World Coal Association estimates that there are more than one trillion tonnes of coal reserves worldwide, enough to last 150 years at current rates of production, so it is unsurprising to see coal ranked as the most-mined mineral in the world.

While China has consistently led the world in production – the country was responsible for 3.3 billion tonnes in 2016 – this was down 16% from the 3.9 billion tonnes produced in 2012. Chinese coal output slumped below the 3.4 billion tonne-threshold predicted in 2016 and the trend may continue, as renewable energy sources become more widespread.