Научно-методический журнал спецвыпуск №1 2021

particular, the insurance company, is its solvency.
Solvency is determined by the ability of an enterprise to 
repay its liabilities. An insurance company is considered to 
be solvent if its total assets exceed its long-term and short-
term liabilities. To describe the state of the subject from the 
standpoint of reliability, we use analytical indicators that 
characterize the solvency of the insurer, the dynamics and 
structure of its own funds, capital adequacy, own funds 
liabilities of the insurer, liquidity of assets.
To assess the financial and property status requires 
information that can be obtained from the balance sheet, 
which contains information about assets, liabilities and 
equity of the enterprise [3, p. 167—172]. The balance sheet 
of the insurer can be considered liquid, and the insurance 
company itself solvent, if when comparing grouped assets 
and liabilities it turns out that the assets are sufficient to 
cover liabilities the insurer. If there are not enough assets, 
the insurer is considered in solvent. That is why we have 
subdivided the insurer’s assets depending on the degree 
of liquidity, ie the speed of their conversionin to cash. 
This division makes it possible to propose an integrated 
liquidityratio (or integrated solvency) for both financial 
activities for financial results, and for insurance activity. 
Deserves for note that liquidity is a prerequisite for a more 
general characteristic of solvency and is the insurer’s ability 
to sell assets quickly and raise money to pay its obligations. 
That is, the liquidity of the balance sheet involves the use of 
funds only from internal sources. The unsatisfactory state 
of liquidity of the insurer will be evidenced by the fact that 
its need for funds exceeds their actual income. Liquidity 
analysis is performed by comparing the amount of current 
liabilities with the availability of liquid funds. Among other 
indicators used in our study, a special place is occupied by 
coefficients that show how independent the insurer is from 
external sources of funding — the coefficient of general 
autonomy and the coefficient of insurance autonomy. As 
a rule, lenders prefer insurance companies with greater 
financial autonomy, as they are more likely to repay debts 
at their own expense. The larger the share of equity, the 
greater the insurer’s ability to overcome adverse situations 
of financial security of insurance activities.
Given the specifics of insurance companies, it is advis-
able to divide the solvency ratios into those related to the 
overall financial results, and those that correspond to the 
solvency in the field of insurance (Fig. 2).
In general, the structure of the balance sheet can be 
considered satisfactory when there is a relative balance