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MONOGRAPHY Social and Economic Development (3)

 
Figure 11. Benefits of financial and economic integration 
Cooperation and integration are based on different principles, but they are 
united by a common basis — interaction (between business entities within the 
same industry or different industries, between industries, etc.). The effectiveness 
of the interaction, or the so-called synergistic effect, is achieved subject to a 
commonality of interests and concerted joint actions in accordance with a single 
plan. Both cooperation and integration make it possible to obtain such an effect. 
Cooperation and integration allow us to level and even eliminate the 
negative aspects of the functioning of small business entities, such as: 
- high commercial risk associated with the lack of diversification 
Benefits of financial and economic integration 
For the economy as a whole 
For economic agents 
Supporting investment activity  
and economic growth  
by raising funds from stock markets 
For issuers —  
raising capital at a lower price  
due to economies of scale 
More efficient transformation  
of savings into investments,  
expansion of the range  
of available financial instruments,  
reduction of transaction costs 
For investors —  
the opportunity to diversify  
and share risks 
Ensuring the stability  
of the single financial market in relation  
to external shocks due to liquidity  
and greater depth 
Modernization and development  
of the financial system, which increases  
the competitiveness and productivity  
of the economy 
For citizens —  
an increase in the number of services,  
a decrease in interest on loans,  
a decrease in the cost of certain 
financial products 
 
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- unstable position in the market because  the company occupies an 
insignificant market share 
- deficit of investments 
As a result of cooperation and integration, production resources (land, 
capital, labor) are concentrated, i.e. an increasing number of them are under the 
control of the integrated system. This becomes a prerequisite for economies of 
scale and corporate effect. 
Thus, we can conclude that the specialization and concentration of 
agricultural production, the concentration of production resources, the 
integration and cooperation of agricultural producers are closely interrelated 
and, in their totality, represent a set of measures that enhance production 
efficiency and the competitiveness of economic entities. 
Speaking of financial and economic integration, it is impossible not to 
touch on its macroeconomic manifestations. So, in the light of the national 
policy of import substitution, the effects of integration should be considered in 
the context of regional integration of countries. The first researchers of 
economic integration identified two types of its effects: static and dynamic. 
The main static effects that are detected by static analysis, i.e. comparing 
situations before and after integration include: 
- creation of trade flows - an increase in foreign trade due to the removal of 
barriers to mutual trade between participants in the integration 
- trade rejection - trade flows are shifting from a more efficient exporter to 
a less efficient one because of the creation of an integration formation (free trade 
agreement or customs union) (Viner, 1950). 
The ratio of these effects sets the vector of  influence on the countries 
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