Nargiza kasimova farkhod mukhamedov elkan harebov

Figure 2. Business plan structure 
 
In our case, a business plan is prepared as a prerequisite for the 
implementation of a public-private partnership project, then the degree of 
development of the investment project should be indicated by the proposed form 
of implementation: the presence of the project of intentions with the financial, 
economic and technical justification of the project, the availability of standard 
documentation  and cost estimates for the project, availability of licenses, 
patents. 
At the end of this section should include indicators such as the required 
amount of investment (or other sources of financing), the period of 
implementation of the invested funds before  the effective operation of the 
facility, the possible period of operation of the facility until its subsequent 
expansion, modernization or reconstruction. 
In our opinion, a separate place in the business plan may be occupied by 
the characteristics of the industry in which the company operates and/or the 
investment project will be implemented, which allows us to consider in most 
general terms the influence of the external environment on the prospects and 
effectiveness of the company. 
When presenting this section of the business plan, we consider the trends in 
the development of demand for services in the industry, the level of 
development of market relations in the industry, and the average level of capital 
profitability in this industry over the last reporting period. For a more detailed 
informational characteristics of the industry, it is possible to analyze indicators 
for the following groups: the level of profitability of the activity, the level of 
prospects for development, the level of investment and other risks specific to the 
industry, 
 
21 

---

Another way to identify the attractiveness of an industry is to determine the 
stage of its life cycle, the main characteristics of which will be discussed in 
more detail. 
At the expansion stage, the bulk of the investment is directed to expanding 
existing production facilities, attracting counterparties to cooperation, and 
providing jobs. 
The competitiveness of the project can be achieved if the services have a 
special quality in relation to other goods, which is  characterized by the 
following features: 
- expanding the range of possibilities for practical use in specific conditions 
- high quality, reliability at relatively low production costs 
- stability and reliability in relation to obsolescence 
- appearance, aesthetics of appearance ease of use 
- achieving sustainable sales at competitive prices the presence of regular 
consumer partners 
To analyze the investment attractiveness of the project, the following 
generalized indicators are calculated and shown in the business plan: 
- the level of general economic development of the region (potential need 
for volumes invested, the possibility of forming investment resources at the 
expense of own funds, the total capacity of the regional market) 
- the level of development of the investment infrastructure of the region 
(the ability to quickly implement investment projects) 
- demographic characteristics of the region (potential demand, the 
possibility of attracting skilled labor) 
- the level of development of market relations and commercial 
infrastructure of the region (attitude of local authorities to the development of 
market reforms and the creation of an appropriate investment climate) 
- the level of criminogenic, environmental, and other risks (the degree of 
safety of investment and production activities in the region) 
Market analysis is one of the most difficult sections in the development of a 
business plan. This analysis covers not only the current, but also the forecasted 
state of the given market. That is why the results of this analysis, their validity 
and reality have a significant impact on the planned volume of production, the 
price level and, consequently, the amount of profit, determine the correctness of 
subsequent calculations of investment efficiency. 
Market analysis ends with an assessment of the current forecasted level of 
competition in the domestic market. In the process of such an assessment, the 
number of enterprises producing a similar product (or its substitute), the 
proportion of major enterprises in sales in the region, and the predicted 
emergence of new competitors in the market are considered. 
Production facilities are the next most important moment. 
In the business plan, an elementary calculation of capacity should be 
carried out in one of the following ways: 
 
22 

---

- according to the optimal range of products 
- according to the nomenclature corresponding to the specialization of the 
enterprise 
- on the leading link, i.e. in the division in which the basic technological 
operations are carried out, the largest share of total living  labor is used, and 
which is equipped with equipment, automation, and mechanization 
The simplest and most reliable, as well as affordable way is to determine 
the power 𝑀𝑀 for certain types of jobs. 
𝑀𝑀
𝑛𝑛
= � 𝑁𝑁 ⋅ 𝐹𝐹
𝑐𝑐
𝑛𝑛−𝑚𝑚
⋅ 𝐾𝐾
𝑐𝑐
⋅ 𝐾𝐾
𝑏𝑏
, 
where 𝑛𝑛 is the total number of jobs; 𝑚𝑚 is  the number of jobs intended for 
maintenance of production; 𝑁𝑁 is  the standard of clean or conditionally clean 
products produced by the workplace for 1 hour of work; 𝐹𝐹
𝑐𝑐
 is fund of working 
time for one shift; 𝐾𝐾
𝑐𝑐
 is  normative shift factor for the workplace; 𝐾𝐾
𝑏𝑏
 is the 
coefficient of performance standards (Халикова, 2009). 
Further, suppliers of raw materials, materials and components should be 
indicated, i.e. suppliers are indicated, their reliability, prestige in the business 
community, transportation costs (𝐶𝐶) and the need for vehicles are calculated. 
𝐶𝐶 =
𝐵𝐵 ⋅ 𝑡𝑡
𝐺𝐺 ⋅ 𝐾𝐾
𝑔𝑔
⋅ 𝑇𝑇,
 
where 𝐵𝐵 is the volume of traffic; 𝐺𝐺 is carrying capacity of a transport unit; 𝐾𝐾
𝑔𝑔
 is 
load utilization coefficient; 𝑇𝑇 is the duration of the transport during the day; 𝑡𝑡 is 
the duration of one flight. 
Calculation of the duration of one flight 𝑡𝑡: 
𝑡𝑡 = �
𝐿𝐿
1
𝑣𝑣
1
+
𝐿𝐿
2
𝑣𝑣
2
� + 𝑡𝑡
𝑙𝑙
+ 𝑡𝑡
𝑢𝑢
, 
where 𝐿𝐿
1
, 𝐿𝐿
2
 — the length of the path to the destination; 𝑣𝑣
1
, 𝑣𝑣
2
 — vehicle speed 
with and without cargo; 𝑡𝑡
𝑙𝑙
, 𝑡𝑡
𝑢𝑢
 — loading and unloading time (Халикова, 2009). 
Component products should be evaluated in terms of the possibility of their 
production on their own if their own costs are lower than the supplier’s price by 
1.5-2 times. But this should not be carried away, turning your own enterprise 
into a universal plant. Between specialization and the universal profile of the 
enterprise, the optimal value should be found that would ensure the maximum 
level of profit. 
An important factor that must be indicated in the business plan is the 
provision of the enterprise with manpower and the state of the labor market in 
the region, i.e. it is indicated which specialists (of which profile, with which 
education and experience) and with what remuneration are required. 
 
23 

---

It is also necessary to evaluate the reserve capacity available at the 
enterprise. For main production, reserve capacity, i.e. the redundant part of the 
production equipment to  increase the adaptability of the enterprise to the 
changing conditions of demand for services is calculated by the formula 
𝑀𝑀
𝑝𝑝
= 𝑀𝑀
𝑓𝑓
· (𝐶𝐶
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
− 1), 
where 𝑀𝑀
𝑝𝑝
 is capacity producing new types of services; 𝑀𝑀
𝑓𝑓
 is full capacity of the 
enterprise; 𝐶𝐶
𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
 is coefficient considering the increase in labor intensity (machine 
tool intensity) or decrease in productivity. 
In the business plan, it is also necessary to show that the formation of 
reserve capacities can be achieved in two ways: 
1)  achieving flexible restructuring (adaptation) of capacities to market 
conditions 
2)  the creation of a permanent reserve, eliminating the need for adaptation 
A detailed plan for all areas of marketing activity, a logical sequence of 
actions leading to the formulation of marketing goals and the development of 
measures to achieve them, is a marketing plan. Its structure can be represented 
as follows: 
- a list of key indicators (volumes, assortment, product prices, production 
costs, etc.) 
- a description of the markets, their main segments, consumers, competitors 
- analysis of possible complications due to competition, actions to ensure 
their elimination (competitive advantage) 
- development of a marketing strategy 
- specific actions for each of its positions 
- calculation of expected profits 
- establishing control over the implementation of the plan. 
A marketing strategy is developed as an independent section of a business 
plan in the following cases: 
- when entering the market with a fundamentally new type of product 
(service) 
- when introduced to other regional markets 
- with a high level of competition in the relevant product market (service 
market) of a given region 
If in the foreseeable future there are no problems with the demand for 
products (services) and with competition, a marketing strategy may not be 
developed. 
Organization and management of a business plan should ensure its most 
effective, fast, and high-quality implementation. 
First, this section defines the legal form of the investment project: within 
the framework of the current legal form of its initiator, within the legal form of 
the investor, by creating a new joint stock company, etc. 
 
24 

---

It is also advisable to present a diagram of the organizational structure of 
the enterprise: who will do what and what, the interaction scheme of all services 
with each other, coordination, and control of their activities. 
Finally, this section should indicate whether the business plan can be 
implemented independently or requires the involvement of contractors and 
subcontractors. In the latter case, the following characteristics of the contractors 
(subcontractors) planned for involvement are reflected  in the business plan: 
duration of work in the relevant industry experience with similar projects and 
volumes of work level of technology, skill level of personnel business and 
financial reputation. 
Risk assessment is one of the most complex and least accurate elements of 
financial analysis used in business planning. It will be necessary to determine as 
accurately as possible all unforeseen circumstances that may arise in the future. 
Traditionally considered: 
Property loss risk — exposure of all property (including real and intangible 
assets) to the risk of total loss or damage (fire, theft, natural disaster). 
The risk of time loss —  arises in connection with the possibility of 
interruptions and interruptions in the functioning of the business or delays in 
receiving payments on investments made (delay in the start of sales, untimely 
completion of construction and installation works). 
Non-performance risk —  includes liability to buyers, people involved in 
this enterprise, to those who use or rely on manufactured products, to creditors 
(exceeding the estimated estimated cost of construction and installation works, 
failure to attend to the planned output indicators, etc.). 
The development of a business plan should include a risk analysis 
according to the following scheme: 
- identification of internal and external risk factors 
- analysis of these factors 
- assessment of specific types of risks characterizing financial solvency 
(project liquidity) and economic efficiency of investment investments 
- determination of the acceptable level of risk 
- analysis of individual operations at a selected risk level 
- development of measures to reduce the level of risk. 
Risk analysis is carried out qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative analysis 
identifies risk factors, potential risk areas quantitative - a numerical value. 
In accordance with the assessment of the level of individual risks, a 
program for the most effective mitigation of them is being developed: 
- development of measures to prevent and prevent them 
- distribution of negative financial consequences of risks among all project