Nargiza kasimova farkhod mukhamedov elkan harebov

partnership mechanisms has allowed us to distinguish the following basic 
models of public-private partnerships, which include specific relationships 
between the forms of organization, financing, and cooperation. These include: 
- The cooperation model is used where specific services are not clearly 
identified and defined, and therefore it is difficult to make them separate objects 
of taxation and depreciation. In this case, the partnership is implemented 
through a joint project company of the state and private investor. 
- The concession model is valid in industries with a long project 
implementation period, as well as in cases where the transfer of property rights 
from the state to a private partner is excluded for political or legal reasons. 
- The operator’s model has become widespread in the field of waste 
processing. It is characterized by a clear division of responsibilities between the 
private partner and the state while maintaining control over the state. 
- The contractual model is used in the energy sector, in which investments 
are primarily aimed at reducing current costs. At the same time, the savings 
resulting from lower current costs often exceed the actual investment costs. 
- The leasing model is most suitable for the construction of public 
buildings. The world has accumulated a very representative experience of 
leasing forms of partnership between local governments and private business. 
The choice of one of these models is made depending on the areas in which 
the agreement is being implemented. If we consider the global experience in 
implementing partnership projects, we can state that in specific industries certain 
models are most effective. 
As a result of the analysis of current trends and directions in the 
evolutionary development of various models of public-private partnerships in 
the countries of the European Union, the following conclusions can be drawn: 
EU countries have different approaches to the development of legal regulation 
 
14 

---

of public-private partnerships. At the same time, all countries of the European 
Union use the same principles for developing partnerships between the state and 
business in the implementation of socially significant projects, namely the 
effective use of private business to solve tasks for which the authorities are 
responsible, on the basis of risk sharing and reward for the results achieved. 
During the analysis of the evolutionary development of public-private