REVIEW TEST 10
NAME:
Date:
READING (10 marks)
1 Read the article about the brain. Which paragraphs (A–D) do the ideas (1–5) refer to? You will need to
use some of the letters more than once. 1 mark for each correct answer.
1 The parts of the brain not mainly concerned with thought _______
2 A description of the smaller parts of the brain _______
3 An amusing observation about the brain’s mass _______
4 A reference to research into the brain _______
5 A general description of the brain _______
A The brain is an organ made of soft tissue, and can be seen as a kind of control centre for the body. It takes care of
all the essential processes the body needs to perform in order to survive. When we are awake we are only aware
of some of these processes. In contrast, the brain remains alert both day and night.
B Your brain has five main parts that work together. In order of size, they are the cerebrum, the cerebellum, the
brain stem, the pituitary and the hypothalamus. The average adult human brain weighs approximately 1,300 to
1,400 grams. A newborn baby’s brain weighs between 350 and 400 grams. Men’s brains weigh a little more than
women’s, but there is no relationship between the size of a person’s brain and their intelligence. However, some
people have joked that the fact that a man’s brain weighs more than a woman’s is proof that heavier brains are
less effective! In fact, Albert Einstein’s brain weighed 1,230 grams, far less than the average brain.
C The largest part of the brain is the cerebrum, accounting for about 85% of the brain’s weight. It is the part of the
brain that controls the voluntary muscles, such as those you might need when writing an email, eating or playing
sports. There have been many papers published on the cerebrum, in particular on the exact role played by its two
halves. Neuroscientists believe that the right half is mainly responsible for abstract thought about music, colours,
and shapes. The available evidence suggests that the left half is more analytical, and is involved in activities such
as maths, logic, and speech.
D While the cerebrum is perhaps the key to the brain’s secrets, the other four main parts are also essential. The
cerebellum is much smaller than the cerebrum. It is situated at the back of the brain, and controls balance,
movement and coordination. Problems with the cerebellum can lead to neurological disorders such as epilepsy
or more minor seizures. The brain stem sits between the cerebrum and the cerebellum, connecting the brain to
the spinal cord. It helps the body carry out the functions needed to keep us alive, such as breathing, digesting
and blood circulation. Finally, the pituitary gland controls growth through the release of hormones, and the
hypothalamus controls temperature.
2 Look at the extracts from the article and find the terms used to express the words and phrases in
bold in sentences 1–5. 1 mark for each correct answer.
The brain is an organ made of soft tissue, and can be seen as a kind of control centre for the body. It takes care
of all the essential processes the body needs to perform in order to survive. When we are awake we are only
aware of some of these processes. In contrast, the brain remains alert both day and night.
….there is no relationship between the size of a person’s brain and their intelligence. However, some people
have joked that the fact that a man’s brain weighs more than a woman’s is proof that heavier brains are less
effective! In fact, Albert Einstein’s brain weighed 1,230 grams, far less than the average brain.
Problems with the cerebellum can lead to neurological disorders such as epilepsy or more minor seizures. The
brain stem sits between the cerebrum and the cerebellum, connecting the brain to the spinal cord. It helps
the body carry out the functions needed to keep us alive, such as breathing, digesting and blood circulation.
Finally, the pituitary gland controls growth through the release of hormones, and the hypothalamus controls
temperature.
1 Liquid on the brain can lead to very serious
difficulties. ____________________
2 There is no evidence of extra-sensory powers such as telepathy. ________________
3
The skin is the largest self-contained part of the body performing a specific, vital function.
________________
4 Peanut allergies can lead to sudden attacks of illness, or fits. ________________
5 After the accident he could no longer perform a number of major tasks. ________________
VOCABULARY (10 marks)
3 Which word from the box can be used to complete both sentences in each pair? You will not need to
use all the words. 1 mark for each correct answer.
operation recover advise organ liquid appear proof epilepsy care seizure recovery complain
medication infectious disease vaccination surgery transplant disorder cure treatment side-effect
1 a The Eurozone will not experience a
while the markets remains so nervous.
b
can be slow following serious operations such as a hand transplant.
2 a Why don’t you
to the manager?
b She began to
of frequent headaches.
3 a
An
is a self-contained part of the body that has a particular and important
function.
b
This particular
is of no actual benefit to humans, but is essential for the
survival of rabbits and other grass eating animals.
4 a She’s
receiving
for a leg injury.
b He had to undergo months of
following the diagnosis.
5 a Do you know the doctor who will be performing the
?
b
The
will be expensive, with little chance of success.
6 a The police had been planning the
for weeks.
b
The
will last several hours and involve several doctors and nurses.
7 a The
of the illegal goods took place in the early hours of Tuesday morning.
b
He experienced a massive
, which indicated that he could be suffering
from epilepsy.
8 a At this point, I really don’t
any more. Do what you want!
b He spent all of his money on
for his elderly relatives.
9 a We know little about this particular mental
.
b The amount of coffee you drink has made your sleep
even worse.
10 a I do not expect your husband to
. His injuries are too severe.
b All attempts to
the stolen goods have so far been unsuccessful.
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT (10 marks)
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