Namangan davlat universiteti ingliz filologiyasi fakulteti amaliy ingliz tili kafedrasi

THOMAS HARDY

( 1840 – 1928 ) . 
Thomas Hardy was born in 1840, in southwestern England , western Dorsetshire. At
the age of fifteen Hardy began to study architecture , and in 1861 he went to London to
begin a career. There he tried poetry , then a career as an actor , and finally decided to
write fiction. 
Hardy aimed his fiction at serial publication in magazines , where it would most
quickly pay the bills. Not forgetting an earlier dream , he resolved to keep his tales “ as
near to poetry in their subject as the conditions would allow ” . His first success , “ Far
from thee Madding Crowd ” , was followed by “ The Return of the Native ” , “ The Mayor
of Casterbridge ” , and “ Tess of the D’Urbervilles ” .
In 1874 he married and in 1885 built a remote country home in Dorset. From 1877
on he spent three to four months a year in fashionable society , while the rest of the time
he lived in the country.
In 1895 his “ Jude the Obscure ” was so bitterly criticized , that Hardy decided to
stop writing novels altogether and returned to an earlier dream. In 1898 he published his
first volume of poetry. Over the next twenty – nine years Hardly completed over 900 lyrics.
His verse was utterly independent of the taste of his day. He used to say : “ My poetry
was revolutionary in the sense that I meant to avoid the jeweled line. … ” 
Thomas Hardy has been called the last of the great Victorians. He died in 1928.
His ashes are buried in Westminster Abbey , but , because of his lasting relationship with
his home district , his heart is buried in Wessex. 
OSCAR WILDE
( 1854 – 1900 ) 
Oscar Wilde was born in Dublin , Ireland on October 16 , 1854. His father was a
famous Irish surgeon , his mother wrote poetry. 
Wilde’s main interests in school were poetry and classics. 
While at Oxford , Wilde joined the group of aesthetes. Being critical about bourgeois
morals and arts , they put forward their aesthetic creed – desire for beauty , love of arts ,
they put forward their aesthetic creed – desire for beauty , love of art for art’s sake. Wilde

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was regarded as the leader of the English aesthetes movement. Some of Wilde’s literary
works do not coincide with his theoretical statements. The example of it is his novel “ 
The picture of Dorian Gray ” , where the moral principle overcomes the vicious idea of
beauty for the sake of beauty. 
Wilde’s fairy stories were published in 1888 – “ The Happy Prince and Other Tales 
” , and in 1892 – “ A House of Pomegranates ” . His plays “ Lady Windermere’s Fan ”
and “ A Woman of No Importance ” came out in 1892 and 1893 “ An Ideal Husband ”
appeared in 1894 , and “ The Importance of Being Earnest ” in 1895. 
He was accused of immorality and sentenced to two years’ imprisonment. When
released from prison in 1897 he lived mainly on the Continent and later in Paris. In 1898
he published his powerful poem “ Ballad of reading Gaol ” . He died in Paris in 1900.