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Muskullarning tuzilish, funksiyalari va yoshga oid xususiyatlari-fayllar.org

The bones of the thorax enclose the thoracic cavity, which has an inlet and an outlet (apertura superior thoracis, apertura inferior thoracis). The thorax protects the organs of the thoracic cavity and is formed by the breastbone (sternum), the ribs (costae), and the thoracic spine (Fig. 4.15). The sternum is a flat bone and consists of the manubrium (handle), body (corpus) and a variously shaped xiphoid process (Fig. 4.16). Normally the thoracic cage is composed of 12 pairs of ribs, of which the first seven pairs, also called true ribs, reach the sternum. Of the remaining five pairs of ribs, the 8th, 9th, and 10th are a part of the structure of the costal margin.


  • The bones of the thorax enclose the thoracic cavity, which has an inlet and an outlet (apertura superior thoracis, apertura inferior thoracis). The thorax protects the organs of the thoracic cavity and is formed by the breastbone (sternum), the ribs (costae), and the thoracic spine (Fig. 4.15). The sternum is a flat bone and consists of the manubrium (handle), body (corpus) and a variously shaped xiphoid process (Fig. 4.16). Normally the thoracic cage is composed of 12 pairs of ribs, of which the first seven pairs, also called true ribs, reach the sternum. Of the remaining five pairs of ribs, the 8th, 9th, and 10th are a part of the structure of the costal margin.

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