Ministry of higher and secondary specialized education of the republic of uzbekistan

MINISTRY OF HIGHER AND SECONDARY SPECIALIZED EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

PEDAGOGICAL INSTITUTE OF TERMEZ STATE UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

CONTRASTIVE STRESS: CORRECTING

Subject: Phonetics
Group: 101 mtb
Student: Bekkamova Zilola

TERMEZ - 2022

Contrastive Stress: Correcting
Plan:

1. 
   What is stress?
   
2. 
   Contrastive Stress
   
3. 
   Contrastive Stress: Correcting
   
4. 
   References
   

Stress is a vital part of both speaking and listening in stress timed languages. As English is a stress timed language, we have to take the stress in consideration while examining it. The stress can occur on both syllables in a word and words in a sentence. So we can divide stress as word stress and sentence stress. I will focus on a type of sentence stress which is called contrastive stress in this paper because this aspect of the language can cause problems for learners in both their speaking and perhaps more importantly listening. This paper attempts to explain what contrastive stress is, how this type of stress occurs and shifts in sentences, how it changes the meaning in spoken English, and it consists suggestions for English language teachers how to teach contrastive stress to their students with exercises.
Contrastive Stress
Contrastive stress is used to point out the difference between one object and another. Contrastive stress tends to be used with determiners such as 'this, that, these and those'.
For example:

• 
  I think I prefer this color.
  
• 
  Do you want these or those curtains?
  

Contrastive stress is also used to bring out a given word in a sentence which will also slightly change the meaning.

• 
  He came to the party yesterday. (It was he, not someone else.)
  
• 
  He walked to the party yesterday. (He walked, rather than drove.)
  
• 
  He came to the party yesterday. (It was a party, not a meeting or something else.)
  
• 
  He came to the party yesterday. (It was yesterday, not two weeks ago or some other time.)
  

There is one word in most phrases that receives the phrase (sentence) stress under ordinary occasions. However, the stress can always be shifted from this normal place to some other place in the sentence. This shifting always changes the meaning of the phrase somewhat or makes it fit into some special context. As Çelik (2003:58) indicates that when a choice for contrast is not intended on a contrasted item or notion crops up in conversation, the contrasted item or notion should be intelligible to the address. In other words, the contrasted item should make sense in the context of discourse at the time and place of speaking.
The simple sentence below can have many levels of meaning based on the word you stress according to the contrastive choices. The stressed words are written in bold.