Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service from the subject of English Independent work Subject: Uzbekistan Done: Asilbekov Akjol

Population

The population of Uzbekistan as of April 1, 2020 was 34,036,800 people, of which 50.5% are urban and 49.5% are rural. When assessing this proportion, it should be borne in mind that in 2009 in the country at once 966 rural settlements, where 4 million people lived, were transferred to the category of urban settlements, as a result of which the overall indicator of urbanization immediately rose from 35.8% to 51.7%

In January - December 2019, the population of Uzbekistan increased by 650.3 thousand people.
During 2019, the number of births was 815.9 thousand people, the birth rate was 24.3 ppm (in 2018 - 23.3 ppm). The number of deaths in 2019 was 155 thousand people, the mortality rate was 4.6 ppm (in 2018 - 4.7 ppm).

The average population density is 74.1 people / km². The highest population density among the regions is occupied by the Andijan region, both in Uzbekistan and in the CIS. In terms of the number of inhabitants, Uzbekistan ranks third among the CIS countries, second only to the Russian Federation and Ukraine.

But unlike the latter, Uzbekistan has a high birth rate and positive population growth and, as a result, children and young people make up the majority of the population. However, the birth rate in Uzbekistan is declining quite rapidly. So, according to the UN, in 1985, the total fertility rate was 5.7 children per woman, and by 2014, according to the CIA Directory of the World, it fell below the simple reproduction of generations and amounted to 1.8

The population of the country is characterized by a gradual increase in the average age at marriage: in 2000-2010, it increased for men from 24.2 to 26.5 years, and for women from 21.4 to 22.4 years. The average age of women at the birth of their first child in 2010 was 22.6 years (in 2000 - 23.3 years). Population growth is also facilitated by a decrease in infant mortality (from 35.1 ppm in 1990 to 10.8 ppm in 2010)

According to official data (2010), life expectancy is 72.9 years, including 70.6 years for men and 75.1 years for women.
The outflow of population from Uzbekistan, which was very significant in the first years of independence, gradually decreased and in 2019 amounted to 13.2 thousand people

There are 120 cities and 115 urban settlements in the republic; in total, they are home to 15,552,800 people, or about 51% of the total population. The first population census after the collapse of the USSR is scheduled for 2022.

Mahalla
Mahalla is a system of people's self-government. According to the decree of the President of the Republic of 1998, mahalla committees and mahalla councils began to revive, the function of which is related to control over social protection and social security of the poorest strata of the population in a particular microdistrict. The Mahalla Committee helps the residents of the mahalla with the organization of holidays, weddings, funerals and, if necessary, provides assistance to the poor or lonely old people.