Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service from the subject of English Independent work Subject: Uzbekistan Done: Asilbekov Akjol

Agriculture
By the end of the Soviet period, the main culture of the republic was cotton, which, on the scale of Uzbekistan, was practically a monoculture. During the period of independence, the agricultural sector was reoriented from cotton to other crops: the sown area of ​​wheat increased from 433.2 thousand hectares to 1404.1 thousand hectares, and the average yield from 12.8 c / ha to 47.3 c / ha. As a result, in 1991-2013, the annual production of raw cotton fell from 4446.0 thousand tons to 3460.1 thousand tons, but the annual production of food crops increased sharply: grain by 3.5 times (from 1908.2 thousand tons). tons to 6612.2 thousand tons), vegetables 2.3 times (from 3348 thousand tons to 7767.4 thousand tons), potatoes 5.9 times (from 351.2 thousand tons to 2057.1 thousand tons), melons by 1.5 times (from 925.8 thousand tons to 1418.4 thousand tons), fruit by 3.9 times (from 516.6 thousand tons to 2052.8 thousand tons), grapes 2.5 times (from 480.4 thousand tons to 120 thousand tons). Also, during the period of independence, animal husbandry has developed: in 1991-2013, meat production increased 2.1 times (from 800.2 thousand tons to 1672.9 thousand tons), and milk - 2.2 times (from 3331.4 thousand tons). tons to 7310.9 thousand tons). A significant role in the production of agricultural products is played by small (on average 18 workers) farms, of which there were 73.5 thousand in the republic in 2013 and which occupied an area of ​​5.8 million hectares.

Tourism

In Uzbekistan, the tourism sector has been identified as one of the main sectors of the economy. In 2019, 6,748,000 foreign tourists visited the country [source not specified 423 days]. For citizens of 86 countries, the Government of Uzbekistan has introduced a visa-free regime for a period of 7, 30, 60 and more days.

Ratings

Ranking 56th in terms of territory and 41st in terms of population, Uzbekistan is located:

among the world leaders in terms of availability of reserves of silver, tungsten and phosphorites, potassium salt, rare earth metals and other valuable minerals, in particular, in terms of explored reserves of gold in 4th place, uranium - 7th, molybdenum - 8th, in proven reserves copper - 10th, natural gas - 14th in the world;

in terms of the area of ​​artificially irrigated land - in 11th place in the world;

for the extraction of cadmium - in 3rd place, uranium - 6th, gold and natural gas - 8th, as well as among the 15 largest countries on the planet for the extraction of molybdenum, feldspar and a number of other types of industrial raw materials;

for the production of karakul - on the 2nd, cotton - on the 5th, raw silk - on the 6th place in the world;

in the second ten countries leading in the production of sulfuric acid, nitrogen fertilizers, mineral lubricating oils and paraffin, cotton yarn and fabrics, tomato paste, dried fruits, the collection of melons and grapes, wool shearing, in the freight turnover of railway transport;

for the export of cotton fiber - on the 5th place, uranium - on the 3rd place in the world;

according to the World Happiness Report, residents of Uzbekistan are the happiest among the CIS countries;

According to the US Department of State, Uzbekistan is in the group of safe countries for tourism, where usual precautions should be taken