Methods of teaching biology

METHODS OF TEACHING BIOLOGY
Mambetalieva Aysanem, Nametullaeva Juldiz
Students of Nukus DPI Faculty of Natural Sciences
Annotation: Biology teaching methods are closely related to biology. It covers almost all fields of biological sciences: botany, zoology, human anatomy and physiology, cytology, biochemistry, embryology, systematics, ecology, evolutionary theory, anthropology, molecular biology.
Keywords: biology, modern teaching methods, pedagogical teaching system.
To date, as a result of pedagogical experiments in the methodology of teaching biology, "Development of biological concepts", "Teaching in biology"
system of forms »,« Teaching methods in biology »,« Ecological in biology
Theories such as "Development of concepts", "Material base system of teaching biology", "System of methodical training of student biologists in school work in pedagogy" were developed and put into practice.
Depending on the subject of biology taught in schools, the subject "Methods of teaching biology", "General methods of teaching biology", "Methods of teaching botany", "Methods of teaching zoology", "Human and his health" unit teaching ”and finally“ General Biology Teaching Methodology ”. The general methodology of teaching biology covers issues such as the purpose, tasks, content, principles, methods, tools, forms, history and stages of teaching biology in all biological sciences. Special methodologies focus on the content of a subject, age-related lessons, extracurricular activities, extracurricular activities, excursions, organization of practical and laboratory classes, equipment.
The methodology of teaching biology is closely related to didactics, which is part of pedagogy. If didactics studies the laws by which students acquire knowledge, skills, and competencies, and it develops teaching theories and principles for all academic subjects in school, then biology teaching methodology is related to biology. Develops theoretical and practical issues related to the content, forms, and methods and tools of the unit and education.
Biology teaching methods are inextricably linked with psychology. Because teaching biology is only effective if it is appropriate for the age of the students. For example, in adolescents, ie in students in grades V-VI, due to the instability of attention, the biology teacher uses a variety of methods in the classroom, changing students' activities, and taking into account the specificity of their thinking, using visual aids. program is used. In the upper grades, as students' attention is stabilized and they develop abstract thinking, it is enough to teach more lectures and use one or two methods.
Biology teaching methods are closely related to biology. It covers almost all fields of biological sciences: botany, zoology, human anatomy and physiology, cytology, biochemistry, embryology, systematics, ecology, evolutionary theory, anthropology, molecular biology. Correctly explain the external and internal structure of living things, the relationship of life activities with the external environment, identify plants, fungi, animals, microorganisms, prepare micro and macropreparations from them, observe them, conduct experiments, good theoretical knowledge requires practical training. But the teacher needs to know that there are important differences between school biology and biology.
While the main goal of biology is to generate new knowledge through research on the nature of the living and the dead, the goal of school biology is to provide students with biological knowledge, i.e. biological understanding, in accordance with their age. laws, knowledge from giving theories and explaining it. The school biology course is not about science, but about the basics of science - the basics for students. At the same time, the school biology course is not a “small science” but a system of basic concepts of biology that helps students develop and grow.
The methodology of teaching biology plays an extremely important role in the training of general secondary and secondary special, vocational education biology teachers. In the process of teaching this subject, students develop the professional knowledge, skills and competencies needed to teach biology.
Of course, in science, not all the knowledge that science has accumulated, but its foundations, is given. They consist of a set of specially selected knowledge, taking into account the tasks of teaching, the age of the students, the level of preparation. Unlike science, the main task of science is to impart knowledge and information. Academic science is not an exact copy of science. In creating a subject, it is preferable to give students a system of knowledge and experience accumulated by the subject. It consists not only of the procedure for collecting scientific data, but also of generalizing, clarifying concepts, and arranging scientific facts and opinions. The subject is structured according to a certain order, based on its basic knowledge and information function. The textbook of high school biology teaching methods is closer to science in its structure and content.
In addition to scientific data, it contains a variety of views on the solution of some controversial issues in science, as well as successful or unsuccessful research in finding the truth. It also creates the methodology and methods of scientific research. The methodology of teaching biology in the process of theoretical and practical training of students is not limited to the structure of the school biology course, but also includes the organization of teaching biology in general secondary and secondary special vocational institutions. introduces the specifics of biology teaching methods, the ability to apply the tools to develop skills and allows students to master the minimum set of knowledge that needs to be mastered by the requirements. At the same time, the use of modern pedagogical, information technologies, innovative approaches to teaching biology develops skills.
References:
1. Dubinin N.P., Myagkova A.N. Biology klyuchevoy subject segldnyashney school. “Biology in school”, 1990, № 4.
2. 2. G. Manke, R.D. Mash, M.Ya. Mixeeva Methodology of conducting facultative studies in biology. Moscow, "Enlightenment", 1977