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ФИО автора:
Laylo Atajanova
Urgench State University
Master's student in psychology
Название публикации:
«STUDY OF STROKE IN RESEARCH»
Annotation:
The article analyzes the relevance of the study of stroke, the
psychological approach to its prevention, the reforms carried out in our country in
relation to stroke, a number of studies on the psychological study of stroke in foreign
countries.
Keywords:
Stroke, nervous disorders, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke,
depression.
Today, neurological diseases are on the rise around the world. Stroke is the
second most common cause of death in the world. In particular, the number of
primary strokes observed in the world each year exceeds 15 million. This figure is
750,000 per year in the United States, 500,000 in Russia, 100,000 in Ukraine, and
600 in Uzbekistan [1]
In Russia, ischemic stroke accounts for 80% of cases. According to the World
Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of stroke is 460-560 cases per 100,000
people worldwide. Among the economically developed countries, this figure is
highest in Japan - 569 per 100,000 people per year, the lowest - in the UK and
Scandinavia - 355-365, in Russia - 1050; the number of newly diagnosed stroke cases
varies from 100 to 200 per 100,000 population per year.Since 1970, the death rate
from stroke in economically developed countries has been declining by 7 percent
each year. In the United States, for example, mortality from this type of pathology
has decreased by 50% over the past 10 years.Mortality from ischemic stroke was
39% and from hemorrhagic stroke 71%. [5]
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Stroke, the leading cause of death, is an acute cerebrovascular accident that
results in several days of impaired brain function. Two types of stroke are
hemorrhagic and cerebral. (cerebral infarction).
Stroke is the third leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease and
cancer. Ischemic stroke is 5 times more common than hemorrhagic stroke.The
incidence of stroke in Uzbekistan ranges from 9% to 14% per 1,000 population.
Ischemic stroke is caused by a complete or partial loss of blood supply to the
brain.Among strokes, ischemic stroke (IS) predominates, accounting for up to 80%
.Traditionally, a large proportion of IS develops in old age, but recent analysis of data
on the prevalence of stroke in certain age groups (40-59), in different climates and
geographical regions, has shown that the prevalence of stroke was significantly
increased.
There is a direct correlation between the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke, an
acute cerebrovascular accident, and the age of the patients. According to the World
Health Organization (WHO), the highest rate of hemorrhagic stroke is between the
ages of 60 and 75 years. Thus, the incidence of stroke at the age of 50-59 is 7.4 per
1,000 population, and at the age of 70-75 it is 20 per 1,000 population. However, it
cannot be less than WHO data. [4]
"We are witnessing more and more that physical activity protects the brain
from disease and defects. We need to conduct more observations and experiments to
better understand the relationship between physical activity and stroke outcome
rates," he said. says Katarina Sunnerhagen, a scientist at the University of
Gothenburg in Sweden.
Sunnerhagen and his colleagues studied data on nearly 2,300 patients who had
suffered a stroke and underwent treatment at a university clinic over the years. Along
with treating patients, doctors studied what they ate, lifestyle and other factors related
to cerebrovascular function. It turns out that the main reason for the development of
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severe forms of stroke is inactivity and excessive sitting. Such sedentary people are
1.2 times more likely to have a stroke than those who exercise regularly. [3]
Irina Sorokina, a Russian candidate of medical sciences, conducted a study on
"Depression in patients with ischemic stroke." According to the results, depression
makes it difficult to fully assess the patient's neurological condition in the clinic,
changes in psycho-emotional and high mental functions are among the most common
factors that negatively affect the rehabilitation of patients with stroke. Even a
moderate decline in the intellectual field, patients with ischemic stroke are often
diagnosed as apathy, memory loss, cognitive impairment, in addition to a significant
deterioration in quality of life. All of the above explains the relevance of clinical and
psychological research in patients with ischemic stroke with depressive disorders. [2]
The importance of a psychological study of stroke, which is one of the leading
causes of death, is that it reflects the patient's feelings, experiences, how he feels,
how he imagines the disease and its causes. `shows. In this regard, A.R. Luria in 1939
put forward the concept of the inner picture of the disease. According to this concept,
the inner picture of stroke is the mental world of the patient, which represents
perception, intuition, emotion, effect, conflict, mental experiences and injuries.
Factors determining the internal picture of the disease include the disease itself, the
characteristics of the patient, the social environment around him, etc.Under the
influence of these factors, a person forms an attitude to himself, his disease, others,
self-esteem. changes, various complexes, anxiety, psychosomatic disorders occur. [6]
Psychologists in our country Z.Ibadullayev, U.H.Alimov, B.G`.Gofurov,
M.M.Asadullayev on psychological services in various fields of medical psychology,
neurology, neurology, as well as D.Urazbayeva, M.Karamyan, study of patient
psyche in various diseases who studied the cases.
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In conclusion, most of the work on the quality of life of patients with stroke is
aimed at assessing the degree of social, professional and family disorders of patients.
However, not only in Uzbekistan but also in developed countries, the quality of life
of stroke patients Insufficient attention has been paid to the identification of
influencing factors, in particular the study of the relationship between clinical and
psychological characteristics. Approaches to improving the quality of life of patients
with neurological diseases have not yet been identified.
References:
1.
Ibodullayev.Z.R.Asab kasalliklari.Darslik T.2013 SSV ma`lumotlari
2. Сорокина, Ирина Борисовна кандидат медицинских наук ” Депрессия у
больных с ишемическим инсультом”тема диссертации и автореферата по ВАК
РФ 14.00.13,
3 https://n.neurology.org/content/91/16/e1461
4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2393343/
5. https://mongoliawool.ru/uz/zhenskaya-odezhda/statistika-insultov-v-mirovoi-
istorii-fundamentalnye-issledovaniya/
6. https://fayllar.org/
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