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Reference:
1. Jean Yates "English conversation".
2. McGraw-Hill "Practice makes perfect: English conversation.
3. Amy Gillett “Speak English like an American”.
4. BBC Learning English
5. blog.lingoda.com
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ФИО автора: Temirova Gulnora
Учебное заведение (населенный пункт): Director of the 12th MTT Pakhtaabad
district Andijan region
Название публикации: «CHALLANGES AND SOLUTIONS FOR PREPARING
PRESCHOOL CHILDREN FOR SCHOOL»
Abstract: It deals with the problems and solutions in the psychological, pedagogical
and mental preparation of preschool children for school. Parents explain the role and
importance of educators in preparing children for school. Hereditary factors of the
manifestation of the child's potential in the educational process are shown
Keywords: intellectual, psychological, social, spiritual, media, thinking, success,
feature, science and technology, process, activity.
One of the main requirements of a school for a child's personality is psychological
preparation. The psychological readiness of the child is inextricably linked with the
change of his social position in society and the specificity of children's educational
activities in the early school years. It should be noted that psychological preparation
for school is not a constant, but it is constantly changing and enriching. The
components of psychological training are: intellectual, spiritual and volitional training.
In most cases, when talking about the level of mental development of the child, more
attention is paid to the amount of mental knowledge, which is determined by his
vocabulary. Parents, and even some educators, think that the more a child knows, the
more developed he will be. In fact, this is not the case, because of the proliferation of
science and technology, the media, today's children seem to be floating in the ocean of
information. This is the basis for a sharp increase in their vocabulary, but this does not
mean that their thinking is developing at such a rapid pace. Mastering the school
curriculum requires the child to have sufficiently developed cognitive processes, such
as the ability to compare, analyze, generalize, and draw independent conclusions.
Therefore, psychodiagnostic tools, tests, questionnaires, which are widely used today
by school practicing psychologists in the process of admission of children to the first
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grade, mainly consist of methods aimed at determining the level of development of the
above characteristics in the child. Another important indicator of the intellectual
readiness of 5-7 year olds for school is the high level of development of figurative
thinking in them. Based on these, the child will be able to distinguish the most
important features, relationships between objects and events in the environment. At
this point, children will not only understand the drawings, but will be able to use them
successfully. As a preschooler, a child should be prepared for a learning activity that
will be the leading type of activity at a young school age. In this case, it is important
that the child has formed certain relevant issues. One of the key features of such skills
is that the child is able to separate the learning task and turn the activity into an
independent goal. Such processes require first-graders to be able to look for signs of
change, novelty in the assignment, and to be surprised and interested. If such tasks are
turned into practical work or done in the form of a game, it will be easier and the child
will master it. The intellectual preparation we have discussed above is not the only
basis for a child to succeed in school. If a child has the necessary reserve of skills and
abilities, has a high level of intellectual development, and is not personally prepared
for the social status of children, it will be difficult for them to go to school. If a teacher
or parent is not interested in reading it, they perform the learning tasks in a coercive,
low-quality, hand-held manner. In such cases, it will be difficult to achieve the desired
results.
• How do you do in school if you can't speak two sentences?
• You don't know how to count, so how do you get to school?
• If you go to school, your friends will stop doing it!
• You know nothing, you embarrass us when you go to school!
Criticism, such as fear of school in a child, can be the basis for the formation of
fear of him. It takes a lot of energy, time, hard work, patience, perseverance, attention
to change the attitude of children who go to school with such fear, to instill in them
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self-confidence. This is undoubtedly a more complex process than forming a positive
attitude towards school in a child beforehand.
Parents should keep in mind that each child has unique characteristics in mental
development, and these characteristics are reflected in their occupation of this or that
type of activity. When some children are just learning the first words, their peers will
already be able to speak certain phrases. The manifestation of a child's potential in the
educational process is to some extent related to hereditary factors. Children differ from
each other according to their temperament:
• Children who are cheerful, lively, cheerful, and able to adapt quickly to the changing
conditions of life - belong to the sanguine temperament.
• Children who are often in a bad mood, impressionable, short-tempered, sluggish -
have a melancholic temperament.
• Calm, indifferent, inactive, speechless children are phlegmatic.
• Irritable, restless, irritable, active children - are choleric.
Children also differ in the way they need the help of adults. Some children need
to be shown, explained, followed up several times to perform an action. For other
children, a one-time demonstration of the work will suffice. There are also children
who perform the given task independently. Children also differ from each other in
terms of their curiosity and mental activity. Some children ask a lot of questions and
are active, while some children are not interested in anything. The more deeply parents
know the uniqueness of their children, the more they can successfully organize
teaching them.
Children's psychological preparation for school should be broad and perfectly
developed. The better we educate children, I think they will grow up in the future in
the spirit of devotion to the Motherland. This means that if the educator uses all means
and methods to cultivate moral feelings in the child, it will be much easier to teach
good manners.
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