Meaning in terms of intonation p. Jesenská


Sentence/utterance forming function



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Meaning in Terms of Intonation (1)

Sentence/utterance forming function
or we could say 
grammatical function
is important 
because intonation becomes important part of grammatical realisation of an utterance. 
Antipova et al. [ibid.] set the example of a
simple sentence showing necessity of unambiguity 
with plain communicative goal without distinguishing in pitch and stress. So the following 
sentence (utterance) can be taken for a
statement, a
question, an exclamation, or an 
implication of one
´
s attitude depending on intonation: 
He
´


passed his e

xam. 

a (pure) statement 
He
´


passed his e

xam? 

a question 
He
´


passed his e

xam? 

a
question as an expression of surprise /it is unbelievable that he 
has passed his exam because he had not been studying a
lot) 
He
´


passed his e

xam. 

an exclamation 
He
´


passed his e

xam. 

a
statement suggesting that he must know someting, he may 
not be so lazy and now he deserves to take a
rest after all. 
2)
Sentence-delimiting function
helps to recogise the end of a sentence/utterance by means 
of pauses of different length together with an emphasis on the most prominent word/part of an 
utterance. This is nowadays called also accentual function. Look at the following example 
sentence: 
When danger threatens your children call the police
. Two different sorts of 
intonation change the semantics of the whole sentence. Compare case a) and case b).
a) 
When danger threatens
your children call the police. 


b) 
When danger threatens your children
call the police.
1
Italics
highlight the intonation phrase boundary (delimitation of syntactic constituents). 
3)

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