Маъсул муҳаррир: Филология фанлари доктори, профессор: Г. Х. Боқиева Тақризчилар

Vocabulary
Dutch has more French loanwords than German, but fewer than English. The number of English loanwords in Dutch is quite large, and is growing rapidly. There are also some German loanwords, like iiberhaupt and sowieso. Dutch also has a lot of Greek and Latin loanwords.
See also: List of English words of Dutch origin.
Writing system
Dutch is written using the Latin alphabet, see Dutch alphabet. The dieresis is used to mark vowels that are pronounced separately, and called trema. It has nearly disappeared from Dutch spelling after the most recent spelling reform, which introduced the use of a hyphen in most cases where a trema was used: zeeeend is now spelled zee-eend. The Acute accent (Accent aigu) occurs mainly on loanwords like cafe, but can also be used for emphasis or to differentiate between two forms. Its most common use is to differentiate between the indefinite article 'een' (a, an) and the numeral feen (one). The Grave accent (Accent grave), when used for emphasis and differentiation between two forms, has been completely dropped in the recent spelling reform, so that He? must according to new spelling rules be spelled He? Other diacritical marks such as the circumflex only occur on a few words, most of them are loan words from the French language.
The most important dictionary of the modem Dutch language is the Van Dale groot woordenboek der Nederlandse taalill, more commonly referred to as the Dikke van Dale ("dik" is Dutch for "fat" or "thick"). However, it is dwarfed by the "Woordenboek der Nederlandsche taal", a scientific endeavour that took 147 years from initial idea to first edition, resulting in over 45,000 pages.
The official spelling is given by the Woordenlijst Nederlandse taal, more commonly known as "het groene boekje". (Lit. "the green booklet", because of its color.)


Discussion questions
1. Interrelation between Dutch and Afrikaans.
2. Features of Grammar of the Dutch language.
3. Features of Dutch Phonology.
4. Features of Dutch Vocabulary.
5. Borrowings in the Dutch language.


References:

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   Kuldashev A.M. Formation and Development of the Global language. – Tashkent, Turon Iqbol, 2016. 118 p.
   
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