Marketing communication: principles and practice


participate in trading communities in which some corporations are members



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73 Marketing communication principles and practice Richard J Varey


participate in trading communities in which some corporations are members.
We now have a many-to-many mediated selling and buying environment
(Hoffman and Novak, 1996 – see also Tapp, 2000).
PRODUCT PLACEMENT: ‘STEALTH 
ADVERTISING’
Because we have devoted the whole of chapter fourteen to an examination
of the most widely used and familiar means of (promotional) marketing
communication, we will not dwell on it at length here. However, a growing
alternative to costly commercials is product placement.
As the costs of advertising through traditional commercial TV, magazines,
newspapers, and radio escalates (partly due to conglomerate ownership), some
marketers are turning to alternative vehicles to make contact with consumers
and buyers. TV programme and film-makers are opening a further avenue to
S E L E C T I N G M E D I A
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their audiences as consumers and buyers. The BBC, for example, does not
carry advertising slots in their programming, but products can be spotted
within drama, situation comedy, and serial programmes. Instead of fictional
brands, characters appear alongside real products to foster greater authenticity. 
In this integrated or embedded marketing, participating providers receive
free product publicity in return for furnishing goods as free props for 
the film set. Viewers don’t realize that they are, in effect, watching an
advertisement.
The Rovers Return (Coronation Street) once pulled pints of fictitious
Newton & Ridley bitter, but now features a prominent Guinness pump on
the bar. Actually, a N & R beer was produced, as was ‘Betty’s Hotpot’ from
Holland’s Pies. For the launch of a new Z3 convertible from BMW, a $3m
placement was secured in the then new James Bond movie, 
Goldeneye
, making
the car the hero’s preferred ride (and $240m in advance orders). The 
Men
Behaving Badly
lads often sip Stella Artois lager direct from the distinctive,
easily recognizable cans. Actually, this promotional technique is not new. In
1955 James Dean clearly used an Ace Comb in 
Rebel Without a Cause
. Perhaps
the first (unintended) product placement was Gordon’s Gin seen in 
The
African Queen
. More recently, and definitely planned, is the Ericsson mobile
phone used by Agent Scully in 
The X Files
. Ericsson even have a full-time
product placements manager (curiously, part of the Corporate Citizenship
and Sponsorship Management team, based in Toronto). (See Box 9.1 for a
contemporary example of product placement in films.)
The pay-off for providers can be huge. During the early days of the aborted
BBC soap opera 
Eldorado
, a 10-second exposure in each episode could have
been worth £2–3m in raising consumers’ awareness of brand names. Yet
Thorn-EMI, for example, paid merely £25,000 to construct its video rental

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