The Lucifer Effect
• Prolonged solitary confinement in cells devoid of light
• Excessive and disproportionate use of force resulting in death or injury
during their period of internment
The ICRC report concludes with a stern warning that the secretary of de-
fense should have heeded but apparently did not: "The practices described in this
[twenty-four-page] report are prohibited under International Humanitarian Law.
They warrant serious attention by CF [Correctional Facilities]. In particular, CF
should review their policies and practices, take corrective action and improve the
treatment of prisoners of war and other protected persons under their authority."
Amnesty International has also weighed in with its own in-depth report on
detention and torture in Iraq. It calls upon the Iraqi, U.S., and U.K. authorities to
"take urgent, concrete steps to ensure that the fundamental human rights of all
detainees in Iraq are respected. In particular, these authorities must urgently put
in place adequate safeguards to protect detainees from torture or ill-treatment."
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Mark Danner, a journalism professor at the University of California, Berkeley,
reviewed all the relevant documents for his book Torture and Truth: America, Abu
Ghraib and the War on Terror. Danner concludes from his detailed investigation that
"When you read the documents, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld was in-
volved very personally in approving procedures that went beyond the line of what
is allowed in military law, and for that matter, in civilian law, when it comes to
what can be done to prisoners."
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On Trial: Former CIA Director George Tenet
HRW accuses former CIA director George Tenet of a variety of violations. Under
George Tenet's direction, and reportedly with his specific authorization, the CIA
tortured detainees through "waterboarding" (the near drowning of a suspect)
and by withholding their medicines. Other tactics reportedly used by the CIA in-
clude feigning suffocation, making prisoners hold "stress positions," light and
noise bombardment, sleep deprivation, and making detainees believe they are in
the hands of foreign governments known to torture routinely. Under Director
Tenet, the CIA "rendered" detainees to other governments, which tortured the de-
tainees. Under Director Tenet's direction, the CIA also put detainees beyond the
protection of the law, in secret locations in which they were rendered completely
defenseless, with no resource or remedy whatsoever, with no contact with the
outside world, and completely at the mercy of their captors. These detainees, in
long-term incommunicado detention, have effectively been "disappeared."
Recall that the Fay/Jones investigation concluded that "CIA detention and
interrogation practices led to a loss of accountability, abuse, reduced interagency
cooperation and an unhealthy mystique that further poisoned the atmosphere at
Abu Ghraib." In effect, the CIA operated under its own rules and beyond the law.
Under Director Tenet, the CIA also developed the widespread practice of
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