2.2.1.4
Serving Gateway (S-GW)
It is a user plane element and forms an important role in inter-frequency handover. Dur-
ing the handover process, the MME commands the S-GW to switch data tunnel from
current eNodeB to the target eNodeB. It also relays the data transmission between the
serving eNodeB and P-GW. When the UE goes to IDLE mode from the CONNECTED
mode while receiving the data packets from the P-GW for a data path, S-GW holds the
data packet in buffer. In the meantime, it also requests MME to page the particular
IDLE UE. Once the UE resumes to the CONNECTED mode, the buffered packets are
delivered and S-GW starts to relay the data from P-GW. Other functionalities of S-GW
include entertaining the resource allocation requests from P-GW and PCRF as well.
When direct inter-eNodeB connection is not available for the handover, it performs the
indirect forwarding of the downlink data. It also acts as a tapping point for monitoring
LONG TERM EVOLUTION
8
and security related issues. Apart from these, the packet flow via S-GW can also be
used for charging purposes.
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