Literature of the subjects whose language is studied

Chapter 2. Contribution of Geoffrey Chaucer to the English literature
2.1 Geoffrey Chaucer is a father of English literature

His initial great work was the Duchess's book, an elegy for Lancaster Blanche, the wife of John de Gaunt, Chaucer's friend in life. This work seems to have been written in 1368-1374.Many of Geoffrey Chaucer's literary works were written during his tenure as customs director at the Port of London from 1374 to 1386. It was one of the quietest and most prosperous periods in Chaucer’s life. the needs of kings. In addition to his work as a writer and poet, Chaucer also made several translations. These works seem to have been the initial in which the English author received good reviews of his literary talent. Although, Chaucer did not limit himself as an author of poetry and literature to working not only with humanistic motives, but also to such works on scientific topics. The Astrolabe contract describes in detail the performance of this instrument. It was the initial technical text written in English. Geoffrey Chaucer is recognized among English authors as the initial English author to introduce the language to beautiful letters and to find a narrative sound that had not yet been studied in the British Isles by his predecessors. Geoffrey Chaucer seems to have gone through three stages. The initial was mainly influenced by French literature. He then accepted the Italians as a orientation and finally managed to find an English voice. When he wrote Troilus and Cressida, Chaucer was in the middle of his evolution. He took a deep dive into Italian classics, perhaps after learning the works of Boccaccio⁶. Then when he wrote Canterbury Tales, he was able to develop a much more personal style, in keeping with English character, pointing to topics that were full of humor and had a direct impact on England. In this latest work, Chaucer travels in different genres, using the stories of pilgrims, to relate to different themes and broadly narrated perspectives. Geoffrey Chaucer’s works have defined English literature since its emergence in the 15th century, as it was considered a poetry department by his contemporaries at the time. His style was copied by his contemporaries and was admired in later centuries. His texts have been interpreted in modern English to make them comprehendable to new generations.

Great artist Geoffrey Chaucer has had a major impact on popular culture to this day. His successful and unique works have served as a theme for operas, films and even TV series. It is also named after an asteroid and lunar crater in his honor.
It is said that Chaucer found the essence of the English language and was the greatest poet of his time. The author of such works is the Canterbury Tales and of the Troilus and Cressida, in which he reflected his skill and knowledge of language as well as his sensitivity in presenting themes. Geoffrey Chaucer is the last major denoteative of medieval English literature, and his work plays an important role in the development of the English literary language and English literature. Therefore, he is also called the founder of the English language and English realistic literature. He also collaborated in the civil service; he held senior positions and earned the trust of his sovereigns. Jeffrey Chaucer served as a servant and diplomat in three kings, initial in Edward III, then in Richard II, and finally in Henry IV. The author did not devote himself only to the humanities, for he wrote a work in the field of science, especially astronomy, which Chaucer distinguished and called so. The Astrolabe pamphlet is dedicated to his son Lewis, who was ten years old at the time. He always tended to serve his kingdom through diplomacy or literary activity, for in both spheres he was distinguished by his astonishing performance. Chaucer's poetic legacy is wide-ranging and multifaceted, in which the vocabularies of the Middle Ages have found their artistic expression in the spirit of modern humanism. He combined poetic forms from the works of Italian and French Renaissance writers formed in his time, struck the secrets of mastery, and Chaucer's work was especially influenced by the works of Italian writer Giovanni Boccaccio. For example. the writer wrote one of his initial works, Troilus and Griseyde (1372–1384), in obsession with Boccaccio’s Filostrata. The influence of Boccaccio's Decameron series of short stories on the emergence of the famous Canterbury Tales (1387-1400) is obvious. In "Canterbury Stories," people from all walks of life gather at the Tabard Hotel in Sowerk to visit the tomb of St. Thomas Beckett. Among them are people from different walks of life. there were brave knights, godly monks, jurists, merchants, students, weavers, cooks, millers, in short, all kinds of professionals. From the content of their stories the reader will be able to comprehend the life of England at that time, the state system, the social situation of the people, the arbitrariness of 7 feudal lords, its tragedy in the scholasticism of the church. In other words, the writer sharply criticizes the homeland of England's incompetent system and the incompetent way of life based on real-life events, and satirically illuminates it in satirical images. As we read The Canterbury Stories, we see in our minds the collapse of the medieval feudal system in England, the weakening of the power of church scholasticism, and the collapse of a new era, Renaissance humanism. With his "Canterbury Stories," Choser introduced a new form to English poetry, the yamb style in French poetry. At the same time, he resisted to create a pure fictional language, supplementary enriching its lexis. Another aspect of the writer's work is that he is a skilled translator. He translated into English the novel The Romaunt of the Rose by the medieval French poet Guillaume de Lorris, and introduced Dante and Boccaccio to the English reader for the initial time. Choser's legacy had a profound effect on the work of later English writers, and the Choser tradition is evident in the works of Ainiksa, Marlowe, Shakespeare, and Ben Johnson.⁷
The next most important works are in rough chronological order but scholars still dispute the dating of most of Chaucer's output and works made up from a assortment of stories may have been compiled over a long period.
Here Geoffrey Chaucer”s major works are followed:

• 
  Translation of Roman de la Rose, possibly extant as The Romaunt of the Rose
  
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  The Book of the Duchess
  
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  The House of Fame
  
• 
  Anelida and Arcite
  
• 
  Parlement of Foules
  
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  Translation of Boethius' Consolation of Philosophy as Boece
  
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  Troilus and Criseyde
  
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  The Legend of Good Women
  
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  The Canterbury Tales
  
• 
  A Treatise on the Astrolabe
  
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  Short poems[edit]
  
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  An ABC
  
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  Chaucers Wordes unto Adam, His Owne Scriveyn (disputed)[74]
  
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  The Complaint unto Pity
  
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  The Complaint of Chaucer to his Purse
  
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  The Complaint of Mars
  
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  The Complaint of Venus
  
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  A Complaint to His Lady
  
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  The Former Age
  
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  Fortune
  
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  Gentilesse
  
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  Lak of Stedfastnesse
  
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  Lenvoy de Chaucer a Scogan
  
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  Lenvoy de Chaucer a Bukton
  
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  Proverbs
  
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  Balade to Rosemounde
  
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  Truth
  
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  Womanly Noblesse
  
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  Poems of doubtful authorship[edit]
  
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  Against Women Unconstant
  
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  A Balade of Complaint
  
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  Complaynt D'Amours
  
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  Merciles Beaute