Lesson 11. Theme: Shopping. Listening: Prices and shopping. Grammar: Quantifiers. Read and translate the text

Exercise 1.Answer the questions.
1.How often do you go shopping?
2.Do you like shopping?
3.Are there any big supermarkets in your town?
4.What is the favorite store in UK?
5.What is shopping in UK famous for ?
Exercise 2. Fill in the gaps with necessary words from the text.

1. 
   In the beginning the stores sold __________________________________.
   
2. 
   The success of the chain has been due to ___________________________.
   
3. 
   The store bases its business on____________________________________.
   
4. 
   The famous store in the UK was started by___________________________.
   
5. 
   It was started _________________________________________years ago.
   

GRAMMAR:Quantifiers

In English grammar, a quantifier is a word (or phrase) which indicates the number or amount being referred to. It generally comes before the noun (or noun phrase). The chart below shows which type of noun goes with which quantifier.
However, note that some of the examples in the chart can take on several different roles within a sentence. For example, ‘any’ can be used as a quantifier, a pronoun or an adverb:

• 
  any as a quantifier: Have you got any tomatoes?
  
• 
  any as a pronoun: I don’t want any of you making a noise.
  
• 
  any as an adverb: Can’t this car go any faster?
  

In these notes, we are only considering these words/phrases as quantifiers.

Quantifier	Singular nouns (C)	Plural nouns (C)	Uncountable nouns (U)
all	–	Yes	Yes
any	No, but see note.	Yes	Yes
both	*	Yes	*
each	Yes	–	–
enough	–	Yes	Yes
every	Yes	–	–
few/a few/fewer	–	Yes	–
little/a little/less	–	–	Yes
lots of / a lot of	–	Yes	Yes
many	–	Yes	–
more	–	Yes	Yes
no	Yes	Yes	Yes
several	–	Yes	–
some	–	Yes	Yes

Quantifiers are used at the beginning of noun phrases:

• 
  before a noun on its own: fewer answers
  
• 
  before an adjective and noun: some useful phrases
  
• 
  before an adverb, adjective and noun: every really pleasant experience
  

Normally two quantifiers cannot be used together before the same noun. However, the quantifiers alland both are found immediately before the or a possessive pronoun: all my relatives, both the ministers. You will also see the following combinations of quantifiers:

• 
  a little less noise
  
• 
  a few more questions
  
• 
  every few minutes
  

Many, much, a lot of

These are all used to talk about a large quantity of something; many is used only with C nouns,much with U nouns and a lot of can be used with both.
Only many and much can be preceded by the words how, to form questions (how many / how much …?). The word too can be used to express a negative idea (too hot, too cold) and so, to show the speaker’s attitude to the quantity (so many that … /so much he couldn’t …). Manyandmuch tend to be rather formal in use and are therefore often found in legal documents, academic papers and so on; in speech we often use phrases like a lot of, loads of, tons of, hundreds of.