Lesson 1 Grammar

Grammar: O‘zlashtirma gap. Text: Talking business.

Step 1. Grammatika.
Zamonlar moslashuvi qoidasiga amal qilgan holda, ko‘shirma gap o‘zlashtirma gapga aylantiriladi:
Present tenses Past tenses
Past tenses Past Perfect
Future tenses Future in the past
O‘zlashtirma gapda darak gaplar that bog‘lovchi bilan bog‘lanadilar.
Ann: I am a manager. - Ann said (that) she was a manager.
Peter: I am going to the shop. - Peter said (that) he was going to the shop.
Nick: I’ve just come! - Nick said (that) he had just come.
So‘roq gaplarda so‘zlar tartibi to‘g‘ri bo‘ladi, chunki savol o‘z kuchini yo‘qotadi.
Ann: What did you do yesterday? - Ann asked me what I had done yesterday.
Nick: What time had you finished this work by? - Nick asked what time I had finished this work by.
Umumiy so‘roq if, whether yordamida bog‘lanadi.
Ann: Will you come tomorrow? - Ann asked if (whether) I would come tomorrow.
Buyruq mayli ishlatilgan ko‘chirma gapdagi fe’l o‘zlashtirma gapda infinitivga aylantiriladi.
Mother: Go to bed, my dear. - Mother told me to go to bed.
Teacher: Don’t talk! - Teacher told us not to talk.

Exercise 1. Gaplarni rus tiliga tarjima qiling.

1. 
   I told him he was a good painter.
   
2. 
   Nobody told me that they came from Australia.
   
3. 
   He said that he would come back on time.
   
4. 
   We thought that everybody had known the price.
   
5. 
   All people decided that the quality was rather high.
   
6. 
   The manager asked what my opinion was.
   
7. 
   Somebody asked when an enquiry would be sent.
   
8. 
   My partner asked if it was possible to sell his share.
   
9. 
   Our teacher told us to copy out the words.
   
10. 
    He told him not to go there.
    

Exercise 2. Ko‘chirma gapni o‘zlashtirma gapga aylantiring.

1. 
   Mr. A: Good morning.
   
2. 
   Mr. A: I want to discuss some problem.
   
3. 
   Mr. A: Our company is interested in purchasing the latest model of your printers.
   
4. 
   Mr. A: How many units can you deliver?
   
5. 
   Mr. A: I’d like to know what price will be.
   
6. 
   Mr. A: Can you give us a discount?
   
7. 
   Mr. A: I’ll contact with you after talking to my partners.
   
8. 
   Mr. A: Don’t sell this model.
   
9. 
   Mr. A: Will you sign here?
   
10. 
    Mr. A: I’m going to the bank.