Lecture english lexicology as a subject lexicology

Etymology: Old English word ; related to Old High German wort , Old Norse orth , Gothic waurd , Latin verbum , Sanskrit vratá - command.
The word is always in the focus of the lexicological analysis as the most comprehensive language unit. When we talk about meaning, we refer to its bearer, as meaning is an ideal, mental entity which we can not see or touch.
The term vocabulary is used to denote the total system of all the words and word equivalents that a language possesses. The term word denotes the basic unit of a given language resulting from the association of a particular meaning with a particular group of sounds capable of a particular grammatical employment. A word therefore is simultaneously a semantic, grammatical and phonological unit.
The system showing a word in all its word-forms is called its paradigm. Thus, the paradigm of the verb `speak` is `speaks, speak, spoke, spoken, speaking`, of the noun `text` - `texts, text’s, texts`.
Lexical varieties of a word are termed