Sea for yourself.
e. The pragmatic intention “to interest the reader”
The pragmatic intention “to interest the reader” generated as a consequence
of the previous one, is aimed to interest the reader, to make him think over the
semantic content of the text, to exert an impact on his intellectual sphere. The
significance of this intention is conditioned by the psychological peculiarities of the
reader’s perception oriented to “interest” as one of the main categories of human life
in general, and literary communication in particular. It is worth citing here the
statement: ‘‘If the physical world is subject to ‘the law of motion, then the spiritual
world is no less dependent on ‘the law of interest’. There is an omnipotent/supreme
wizard on earth who changes the look of every object in the eyes of all creatures.’’
(Если физический мир подчинен закону движения, то мир духовный не менее
подчинен закону интереса. На земле есть всесильный волшебник,
изменяющий в глазах всех существ вид всякого предмета) (ФЕС, 1983:213).
The phenomenon of “interest” is linguistically grounded in the work by G. G.
Molchanova who brings it into correlation with the phenomenon of “the new”; the
latter in its turn is characterized by violation of banality, triteness, monotony
(Молчанова, 1988:22).
Nothing is so boring as something known and monotonous. It is necessary to
keep in mind that in fictional discourse “the new” is linked with the subtextual and
conceptual information rather than the factual information presented by the plot of
the text. Therefore, various kinds of structural and stylistic transformations,
contextual changes of lexical meanings, implicit meanings, connotations and
associations are in the foreground. From the linguistic point of view “the new” is
based on a peculiar usage of language units, the renewal of their both structural and
semantic characteristics. Let’s turn to an example:
For women are as roses
Whose fair flower being once displayed
Doth fall that very hour
(W. Shakespeare)
The utterance contains a traditional, trite image “women - roses”. Due to its
frequent usage this image has become hackneyed. It doesn’t excite any interest on
the part of the reader. The perception of this image would not have been effective if
it were not for its peculiar usage. In order to attract and interest the reader, the author
resorts to “renewal” of this image. It is achieved by the following: a) the trite simile
“women are as roses” is included into the structure of an extended metaphor
containing several images: – flower, display, fall; b) violation of usual associative
links of this image. The simile here is used not to emphasize women’s beauty, but
to stress the fact that beauty does not last long; it passes lightly and instantly like a
flash.
Hence, the “image renewal” deautomatizes its perception and changes the
character of emotional impact. Positive emotions associated with the concept of
BEAUTY are transformed into quite opposite negative emotions – sorrow, regret,
sadness caused by a “momentary” life of beauty. Such new comprehension of the
hackneyed image excites the reader’s interest and heightens the pragmatic effect.
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