Lecture 1: Comparative typology as a branch of linguistic typology

Lecture 1: Comparative typology as a branch of linguistic typology

PLAN

1. Subject matter, aim and tasks;

2. Key problems of its study.

Types of typology according to the sphere of science

Linguistic	Non-linguistic
Only linguistics. It deals with systemizing, generalizing and classifying the facts of language isomorphism and allomorphism and also explaining them.	Political typology, Medical typology, Historical typology, Botanic typology, Psychological typology, Mathematical typology, Economic typology and etc. except linguistics.

Types of typology: description

Typology
Linguistic
Deals with only linguistic problems of typology
Typology of languages, system, sub-system and units
Non-linguistic
Deals with problems of typology except linguistic viewpoint
political typology, medical, historical, psychological, mathematical or economic typology

Comparative typology as a linguistic typology: subject matter and aim

SUBJECT MATTER	AIM
Comparative typology is a field of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural and functional features. It studies the systems of languages comparatively, also finds common laws of languages and establishes differences and similarities between them no matter of genetic origin of the languages in comparison.	Its aim is to describe and explain the common properties and the structural diversity of the world’s languages.

Definition of Comparative typology: David Crystal’s book “Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics”