Learn Basic English Grammar



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Basic Grammar Post - Part 1

INFINITIVES 
PAST 
PRESENT 
VERBS as NOUNS 


Copyright@ 2021, KeithSpeakingAcademy
 
INFINITIVES 
Verbs are doing words. They describe actions and states. For example,
drive
cook
read
We sometimes put 
‘to’ before a verb, and this is called the ‘infinitive’. It’s just 
a label to help you recognise it is a verb.
To drive
To cook
To read
Verbs can exist in different tenses. In the past, the present and the future. 
PRESENT
Let’s look at examples in the present simple tense: 
Describing a present habit (present simple) 
I usually 
cook
on Saturdays 
I drive to 
work
everyday 
Notice in the present simple tense we must add an S or ES to the verb after 
he, she and it
He, she and it are sometimes called 
‘the third person’. 
Think of it like I am first, you are second and she is third! 
He cookS /k
ʊks/ 
She driveS /dra
ɪvz/ 


Copyright@ 2021, KeithSpeakingAcademy
 
PAST
In the past tenses verbs can be regular or irregular. 
Regular verbs are put into the simple past tense by adding ED 
I cookED yesterday /k
ʊkt/ 
I washED my face /w
ɒʃd/ 
I wantED to go /w
ɒntɪd/ 
There are about 200 irregular verbs in English, but here are 35 of the most 
important ones for beginners. 
Verb (Infinitive)
Past participle 
Do
Did
Make
Made
Go
Went
Come
Came
Get
Got
Take
Took
Find
Found
Give
Gave
Put
Put
Bring
Brought
Say
Said
Tell
Told
Speak
Spoke
Mean
Meant
Know
Knew
Hear
Heard
Think
Thought
Feel
Felt
Understand
Understood


Copyright@ 2021, KeithSpeakingAcademy
 
Buy
Bought
Spend
Spent
Choose
Chose
Wear
Wore
Eat
Ate
Drink
Drank
Drive
Drove
Sit
Sat
Stand 
Stood
See
Saw
Read
Read
Write
Wrote
Draw
Drew
Cut
Cut
VERBS as NOUNS 
Finally, it is useful to know that verbs can become nouns. When we add 
‘ing’ 
to a verb, often known as 
‘the gerund’ it can become a noun.
For example,
Driving is fun 
Cooking is relaxing


Copyright@ 2021, KeithSpeakingAcademy
 
Adverbs in English 
HOW 
WHEN 
 


Copyright@ 2021, KeithSpeakingAcademy
 
Adverbs are used with verbs to say how, when and where you do something. 
HOW 
I drive quickly

Quickly
’ (adverb) tells you how I 
drive
(verb)
We make an adverb by adding 
‘ly’ to an adjective 
Safe + ly = 
Safely
ADJECTIVE + LY = ADVERB 
Adverbs come after the verb. For example,
I drive
quickly 
SUBJECT + VERB + ADVERB
 
If the verb has an object, then the adverb comes after the object
I read books
slowly
SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT + ADVERB 
There are some irregular adverbs, but not many. For these adverbs we do not 
add 
‘ly' to the adjective.
The common ones for basic English grammar are the following 

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