Краткое содержание отчета по экологической оценке Проекта по уст ойчивом у управлению т верды м и от ходами

Geography and topography
201. 
Kashkadarya province is located in the southern part of Uzbekistan, in the basin of 
the Kashkadarya river on the western slope of the Pamir Alay Mountains. The total area is 
2856.8 thousand hectares, of which about 24% of the area is sown land, 4% is covered by 
forest, and more than 50% is pasture. The province borders on Samarkand province from 
the north, Bukhara province from the north-west, and Surkhandarya province from the east 
and southeast. The state borders with Tajikistan from the north-eastern part, and 
Turkmenistan from the western part. The perimeter of the common border is 795 km, of which 
400 km pass through mountain ranges.
Climate
202. 
The climate is sharply continental, partially subtropical, and dry. The mountain ranges 
bordering the region from the northeast, east and south impede the penetration of cold air 
masses. Winters are warm. The absolute minimum recorded temperature is -29°C in the 
mountains, and the absolute recorded maximum is + 49°C. In the summertime, the winds of 
the northern rhombuses prevail, the speed of which reaches 4 m/s, and in the spring and 
autumn the north-western ones pass at a speed of 2-3 m / s. In winter, southeasterly winds 
blow at the same speed. The number of days in a year with strong winds is 20 days, with 31 
days of strong storms.
Surface w ater and ground w ater resources
203. 
The main waterway of the province is the Kashkadarya river, which has numerous 
tributaries flowing from the mountains. Reservoirs and irrigation canals form an oases of 
irrigated agriculture: Kitabo-Shakhrisab, Guzar-Kamash and the largest - Karshi oasis. More 
than 25 species of fish live in the reservoirs and lakes, of which five species are commercial. 
In the mountainous and foothill areas of the region, about 140 springs have been recorded, 
the most famous of which are: (i) Karabulak, located 10 km north-east of the town of Kitaba; 
and (ii) Khoja Imkon, which is located on the southeastern outskirts of the village of the same 
name, east of Kitaba and others. Groundwater forms in cover sediments of the province, 
and sub-pressure water forms in the underlying, well-permeable sands. The groundwater 
level is opened at a depth of 1.5 to 4 m. Mineralization of groundwater varies widely from 3 
to 5 g/l, and in places - 10 g/l. According to the chemical composition, groundwater chloride- 
sulfate and sulfate, including sulfates SO
4
- 3.2 g/l.
Soils
204. 
The soil cover of Kashkadarya province was formed in the climatic conditions of the 
desert, and is represented by desert-sandy, takyr-like, gray-brown soils, complexes of gray- 
brown, desert-sandy and takyr-like soils. Under irrigation and the effects of soil moisture with 
shallow-lying groundwater (less than 3 m), zonal soils transformed and acquired features of 
hydromorphic soils, partially losing their original properties. Currently, meadow-desert and 
desert-meadow (depending on the depth of groundwater) prevail on the irrigated part of the 
region.
59

---