Kenneth C. Laudon,Jane P. Laudon Management Information System 12th Edition pdf



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Kenneth C. Laudon ( PDFDrive ) (1)

Cloud computing

refers to a model of computing that provides access to a

shared pool of computing resources (computers, storage, applications, and

services), over a network, often the Internet. These “clouds” of computing

resources can be accessed on an as-needed basis from any connected device

and location. Currently, cloud computing is the fastest growing form of

computing, with global revenue expected to reach close to $89 billion in 2011

and nearly $149 billion by 2014 according to Gartner Inc. technology consul-

tants (Cheng and Borzo, 2010; Veverka, 2010).

Thousands or even hundreds of thousands computers are located in cloud

data centers, where they can be accessed by desktop computers, laptop

computers, netbooks, entertainment centers, mobile devices, and other client

machines linked to the Internet, with both personal and corporate computing

increasingly moving to mobile platforms. IBM, HP, Dell, and Amazon operate

huge, scalable cloud computing centers that provide computing power, data

storage, and high-speed Internet connections to firms that want to maintain

their IT infrastructures remotely. Software firms such as Google, Microsoft,

SAP, Oracle, and Salesforce.com sell software applications as services delivered

over the Internet. 

We discuss cloud computing in more detail in Section 5.3. The Learning

Tracks include a table on Stages in IT Infrastructure Evolution, which compares

each era on the infrastructure dimensions introduced.

TECHNOLOGY DRIVERS OF INFRASTRUCTURE

EVOLUTION

The changes in IT infrastructure we have just described have resulted from

developments in computer processing, memory chips, storage devices,

telecommunications and networking hardware and software, and software

design that have exponentially increased computing power while exponentially

reducing costs. Let’s look at the most important developments. 

M o o r e ’ s   L a w   a n d   M i c r o p r o c e s s i n g   P o w e r

In 1965, Gordon Moore, the directory of Fairchild Semiconductor’s Research

and Development Laboratories, an early manufacturer of integrated circuits,

wrote in 

Electronics

magazine that since the first microprocessor chip was

introduced in 1959, the number of components on a chip with the smallest



Chapter 5

IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

171

manufacturing costs per component (generally transistors) had doubled each



year. This assertion became the foundation of 


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