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Adaptations and portrayals[edit]
The 1921 silent film The Off-Shore Pirate was the first adaptation of any of Fitzgerald's works.
Fitzgerald's works have been adapted into films many times. One of the earliest Fitzgerald short stories was adapted into a 1921 silent film The Off-Shore Pirate.[146][147] Tender Is the Night was the subject of the eponymous 1962 film, and made into a television miniseries in 1985. The Beautiful and Damned was filmed in 1922 and 2010.[148] The Great Gatsby has been adapted into numerous films of the same name, spanning nearly 90 years: 1926, 1949, 1974, 2000, and 2013 adaptations.[149][150][151] In 1976, The Last Tycoon was adapted into a film starring Robert de Niro.[152] and in 2016 it was adapted as an Amazon Prime TV miniseries.[153] starring Matt Bomer. His short story, "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button," was the basis for a 2008 film.[154]
Beyond his own characters, Fitzgerald himself has been portrayed in dozens of books, plays, and films. Fitzgerald was the main inspiration for Budd Schulberg's novel The Disenchanted (1950), which followed a screenplay writer in Hollywood working with a drunk and flawed novelist.[136] It was later adopted into a Broadway play starring Jason Robards.[155] A musical about the lives of Fitzgerald and Zelda was composed by Frank Wildhorn titled Waiting for the Moon.[156] Fitzgerald is of international appeal, as even the Japanese Takarazuka Revue has created a musical adaptation of Fitzgerald's life.[157] The last years of Fitzgerald and his affair with Sheilah Graham, was the theme of the movie Beloved Infidel (1959) based on Graham's 1958 memoir by the same name.[111] The film depicts Fitzgerald (played by Gregory Peck) during his final years and his relationship with Graham (played by Deborah Kerr). Another film, Last Call (2002) portrays the relationship between Fitzgerald (Jeremy Irons) and Frances Kroll Ring (Neve Campbell). David Hoflin and Christina Ricci portray the Fitzgeralds in Amazon Prime's 2015 television series Z: The Beginning of Everything.[158] Others include the TV movies Zelda (1993, with Timothy Hutton), F. Scott Fitzgerald in Hollywood (1976, with Jason Miller), and F. Scott Fitzgerald and 'The Last of the Belles' (1974, with Richard Chamberlain). Tom Hiddleston and Alison Pill appear briefly as Fitzgerald and Zelda in Woody Allen's 2011 feature film Midnight in Paris.[159] Guy Pearce and Vanessa Kirby portray the couple in Genius (2016).[160]
Legacy[edit]
A mural depicting Fitzgerald in Saint Paul, Minnesota
Some 2,000 pages of work that Fitzgerald had written for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer were purchased for $475,000 by the University of South Carolina in 2004. The school's Arlyn Bruccoli, an archivist of work done by the Lost Generation, explained that the cache "corrects this distorted view of Fitzgerald's Hollywood years, the idea that he was just staggering around drunk all the time and not earning his salary."[110]
In 2015, an editor of The Strand Magazine discovered and published for the first time an 8,000-word manuscript, dated July 1939, of a Fitzgerald short story titled "Temperature".[161] Long thought lost, Fitzgerald's manuscript for the story was found in the rare books and manuscript archives at Princeton University, his alma mater.[162] As described by Strand, "Temperature", set in Los Angeles, tells the story of the failure, illness and decline of a once successful writer and his life among Hollywood idols, while suffering lingering fevers and indulging in light-hearted romance.[161] The protagonist is a 31-year-old self-destructive, alcoholic named Emmet Monsen, whom Fitzgerald describes in his story as "notably photogenic, slender and darkly handsome". It tells of his personal relationships as his health declined with various doctors, personal assistants, and a Hollywood actress who is his lover.[162] Fitzgerald bibliographies had previously listed the story, sometimes referred to as "The Women in the House", as "unpublished", or as "Lost – mentioned in correspondence, but no surviving transcript or manuscript".[162]
In 2017, a rediscovered cache of Fitzgerald's short-stories was published in a collection titled I'd Die For You.[163]
An F. Scott Fitzgerald Society was established in 1992 at Hofstra University, and has since become an international association and an affiliate of the American Literature Association.[164] During the COVID-19 pandemic, the society organized a mass online reading of This Side of Paradise to mark its centenary.[165] Fitzgerald is also the namesake of the Fitzgerald Theater in St. Paul, Minnesota, home of the radio broadcast of A Prairie Home Companion.[166]
Fitzgerald's childhood Summit Terrace home in St. Paul was listed as a National Historic Landmark in 1971.[167] Fitzgerald reportedly hated the house, labelling it "a mausoleum of American architectural monstrosities."[168]
Selected list of works[edit]
Main article: F. Scott Fitzgerald bibliography
This Side of Paradise (1920)
"The Curious Case of Benjamin Button" (1922)
The Beautiful and Damned (1922)
The Diamond as Big as the Ritz (1922)
"Winter Dreams" (1922)
The Great Gatsby (1925)
"Babylon Revisited" (1931)
Tender Is the Night (1934)
Agatha Christie
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