Example 5.11
Shortfall Risk in the Short Run and the Long Run
A warning: The probability of a shortfall is an incomplete measure of investment risk.
Such probability does not take into account the size of potential losses, which for some
of the possible outcomes (however unlikely) amount to complete ruin. The worst-case
scenarios for the 25-year investment are far worse than for the 1-month investment. We
demonstrate the buildup of risk over the long run graphically in Figures 5.10 and 5.11 .
A better way to quantify the risk of a long-term investment would be the market price
of insuring it against a shortfall. An insurance premium must take into account both the
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Portfolio Theory and Practice
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