Investment

revenue, expenses, and net income
The components of the income statement include: revenue; cost of sales; sales, general, and administrative expenses; other operating expenses; non-operating income and expenses; gains and losses; non-recurring items; net income; and EPS.

134.	What types of charts are used in technical analysis? line chart, bar chart, point and figure chart and candlestick chart.
135.	Explain the major differences between technical and fundamental analysis? Fundamental Analysis studies all those factors which have an impact on the stock price of the company in future, such as financial statement, management process, industry, etc. It analyzes the intrinsic value of the firm to identify whether the stock is under-priced or over-priced. On the other hand, technical analysis uses past charts, patterns and trends to forecast the price movements of the entity in the coming time.
136.	Explain the CAPM model The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) describes the relationship between systematic risk, or the general perils of investing, and expected return for assets, particularly stocks.1 It is a finance model that establishes a linear relationship between the required return on an investment and risk. The model is based on the relationship between an asset's beta, the risk-free rate (typically the Treasury bill rate), and the equity risk premium, or the expected return on the market minus the risk-free rate. CAPM evolved as a way to measure this systematic risk. It is widely used throughout finance for pricing risky securities and generating expected returns for assets, given the risk of those assets and cost of capital.
137.	Explain the APT model Arbitrage pricing theory (APT) is a multi-factor asset pricing model based on the idea that an asset's returns can be predicted using the linear relationship between the asset’s expected return and a number of macroeconomic variables that capture systematic risk. It is a useful tool for analyzing portfolios from a value investing perspective, in order to identify securities that may be temporarily mispriced.
138.	When Gordon Growth model is used to value stocks? The Gordon growth model values a company's stock using an assumption of constant growth in payments a company makes to its common equity shareholders. The three key inputs in the model are dividends per share (DPS), the growth rate in dividends per share, and the required rate of return (RoR)
139.	What is the difference between plowback ratio and dividend payout ratio? The plowback ratio is a fundamental analysis ratio that measures how much earnings are retained after dividends are paid out. It is most often referred to as the retention ratio. The opposite metric, measuring how much in dividends are paid out as a percentage of earnings, is known as the payout ratio Plowback ratio=retained earnings/net income.
140.	Define the stages of companies in terms of growth. The four-stage theory splits growth into start-up, growth, maturity, and renewal/decline stages. In the startup phase, the company begins to find its place in the market. It needs to discover if there is room for its product or service and, if there is, what it needs to do to be successful.