Figure 9.35
An example of an Inmarsat maritime broadband terminal. (Courtesy of Thrane &
Thrane.)
Figure 9.36
Illustration of the Inmarsat 4 GEO L-band satellite and an example of a user data
terminal.
Thrane & Thrane capable of ISDN voice and medium data rate data service is
presented in Figure 9.35. The antenna within the radome is 60 cm in diameter and
the other equipment can be extended a distance of up to 100m. When operating
over an Inmarsat 4 GEO satellite, this system provides the vessel with digital
dial-up telephone service as well as Internet access for e-mail and Web-based
applications. Figure 9.36 provides an illustration of the Inmarsat 4 satellite that is
used to provide service both to the maritime terminal in Figure 9.35 as well as the
portable land-based terminal from Hughes shown to the right. This portable termi-
nal has very similar communications capability to the maritime terminal with the
added benefit of a high degree of transportability.
Lastly, Figure 9.37 presents three different configurations of handheld MSS
satellite phones. The first generation Iridium (LEO) phone, manufactured by
336
Earth Stations and Network Technology
Figure 9.37
A selection of hand-held MSS satellite phones; the Iridium phone is shown fully
deployed while the Inmarsat and Thuraya phones are collapsed in their storable
configurations. (a) Iridium (Motorola) 9500, (b) Inmarsat iSatPhone, and (c) Thuraya
SO-2501 (www.highspeedsat.com).
Motorola, is indicated in Figure 9.37(a) as it would be used with the antenna fully
deployed. Designed and manufactured by Motorola, the model 9500 was the first
to demonstrate the potential of handheld voice service via satellite communications.
Newer phones from Inmarsat and Thuraya (both GEO systems), shown at Figure
9.37(b) and Figure 9.37(c), respectively, are smaller and lighter, but still require
an extendable antenna much like that of the Motorola phone in order to avoid
head blockage.
The approach being taken for handheld UTs is more in keeping with cell
phone technology. They rely on compact circuit modules using application-specific
integrated circuit (ASIC) components that operate at low power to conserve batter-
ies. First-generation hand-held MSS UTs are about the same size as second genera-
tion cell phones (Figure 9.37). That is due to the added complexity of operating
at L or S band and the fact that the initial manufacturing quantities tend to be not
high enough to justify the full miniaturization of the product.
References
[1]
Elbert, B. R., and B. Martyna,
Client/Server Computing: Architecture, Applications, and
Distributed Systems Management
, Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1994.
[2]
Schmidt, W. G., ‘‘The Application of TDMA to the Intelsat IV Satellite Series,’’
COMSAT
Technical Review
, Vol. 3, No. 2, Fall 1973.
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