Sandford Fleming
Sandford Fleming was a whirlwind inventor whose ideas came to
benefit not only his home country but the world. Canadians can thank
him for his “crazy” vision of building a railway clear across the vast
wilds of Canada.
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How many different dreams can one person follow? For Sandford Fleming, it seems there
was no limit.
When he was eighteen years old, having just arrived in Canada from Scotland, Fleming
was a budding inventor who wanted other active minds around him. So he established the
Royal Canadian Institute - a group dedicated to science, invention, and understanding. It
still exists today.
Apparently, working as a surveyor and running his new Institute wasn’t enough to fully
occupy his mind. On the side, Fleming took the time to design Canada’s first postage
stamp in 1851.
Meanwhile, his tireless energy and sharp mind got him a job as chief engineer of a
railway. That’s where Fleming developed his next vision - a railway clear across Canada.
It took a dozen years for Fleming and others to convince the new Canadian government.
Once the government had finally approved the idea, it gave Fleming the job of doing the
surveying for the mammoth railway. Fleming had to find the best route from the Atlantic
to the Pacific, over hundreds of kilometers of empty prairie and through mountain passes
where no one had ever climbed.
He finished the survey job by 1876, and the railway was finished in 1885. Fleming was
on hand when they drove the last spike to join the rail lines - and Canada - together.
You might think that institutes, railways, postage stamps, and submarine telegraph cables
(he proposed the idea to connect the British Empire through communications) would be
enough for one mind. But Sandford Fleming had yet another world-changing idea.
After missing a train in Ireland, Fleming became fed up with the way people kept time.
At that time, time was strictly a local affair; every town had its own clock. Twelve noon
in one place might be 12:15 in another just up the road. Fleming came up with the idea of
creating standard time zones - twenty-four of them around the world. In each zone, the
time would be exactly the same. It seems like common sense today, but Fleming had to
fight for years to get this idea accepted, and the twenty-four time-zone idea wasn’t agreed
upon until years after his death.
But Fleming’s many achievements were recognized while he was still alive; he was
knighted by Queen Victoria. Today, Sir Stanford Fleming is recognized as the father of
standard time and of our national railway - a man who changed our nation and the world.
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