Michael Faraday
The son of a blacksmith, born in England in 1791, Michael Faraday
was a self-educated genius with a passion for science and invention.
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The great genius Albert Einstein used to keep three photographs on his desk: one of Sir
Isaac Newton (who discovered gravity);one of James Maxwell (who proved how
electricity, magnetism, and light are all related)’ and one of Michael Faraday.
That’s pretty good company for the son of a blacksmith who had virtually no education.
Michael didn’t have much hope of a decent schooling: boys from the lower classes in
England in the 1700s went to work, not school. But bright young Michael caught a lucky
break when he was apprenticed to a book dealer, and was allowed to read as much as he
wanted.
Even though he was self-educated, it was obvious that Michael was highly intelligent. He
started going to lectures by a famous chemist, Humphry Davy, and wrote a 300-page
book based on Davy’s ideas!
The great scientist was flattered and ended up hiring Faraday as an assistant. In those
days, a lower-class person like Michael Faraday was not considered a “gentleman” - on a
trip to Europe, he had to act as Davy’s valet and live with the servants.
Although the odds were against him, and he was often treated unfairly by his social
superiors, Faraday kept working hard and earning his way up the ladder of success. In
fact, he worked so hard and so brilliantly that his lower-class roots were eventually
forgotten, and he became a giant of English science.
His discoveries about the nature of gases, how electricity and light interact, and other
fundamental rules of chemistry and physics literally changed the world. The electric
motors used around the world today were made possible by Michael Faraday’s work. The
Bunsen burners you still find in modern laboratories were just one of his inventions.
But Faraday was also a dedicated public servant, and used his great intelligence to help
build a better world. He became an expert in preventing explosions in coal mines, in
building lighthouses to keep ships safe, and in fighting the industrial pollution ruining
England’s environment.
The only time he failed to help his country was when he was asked to help invent
chemical weapons: the very religious Faraday refused to use his genius for war.
In old age, Michael Faraday was a national hero. A grateful government gave him a free
house and income for the rest of his life.
No wonder Albert Einstein looked up to him!
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