«инглиз тили лексикологияси» кафедраси

Comparison of morphological level of English and Native languages.

For a full comparison of thetypological characteristic in thecategory of thenumber, we have to find out in which place does this category take in the system of another language.

If we take as an example Russian language, we can easily find its characteristic features- in numerals, in adjectives, pronouns, verbs. Ex. Я беру, ты берешь, вы берете, etc.

In a comparison with the Russianlanguage, the seme of thesingularity of English language is presented just with zero morphemes, ex. town, play, etc. However the seme of singularity in Russian language represented by morphemes: -й, ex: сарай, край; -а, -я ex: река; -о, - е ex: окно. But plurality in both languages can be represented with the seme of theplurality by adding endings –ы, -и, -а for Russian and –s, -es for English.

In both languages, there are a lot of groups that are representatives of the seme of plurality. Some of them are alike in both languages. Ex, ножницы-scissors, брюки-trousers, весы-scales, очки-glasses

In general English plurality model can be divided into 3 variants:

N-N+(e)s ex: cup-cups, assistant-assistants, face-faces, photo-photos

N-N+en ex: ox-oxen, child-children

N-Npl (with the changes of vowels in roots) ex: man-men, foot-feet, mouse-mice, etc.

In Uzbek suffix –lar may represent not only aplurality but other meanings as well.

Ex: respect Hamid aka keldilarmi?

Approximate time. Soat o ‘nlarda kelish kerak.

Besides that, it can express the meanings such as superlative, collective, irony and type.