«инглиз тили лексикологияси» кафедраси

Synthetic languages form words by affixing a given number of dependent morphemes to a root morpheme.

Due to the presence and absence of word forms (prefixes, infixes, suffixes) language, words are divided into those, which have affixes, and those, which do not have them.

Language that does not have affixes is called Isolate: Chinese, Japanese. 46.When a word is a whole sentence, this type is called Polysynthetic (American- Indian languages). These languages have a high morpheme-to-word ratio, a highly regular morphology, and the tendency for verb forms to include morphemes that refer to several arguments besides the subject.

47. 
    Agglutinative languages have words containing several morphemes that are always clearly differentiable from one another in that each morpheme represents only one grammatical meaning and the boundaries between those morphemes are easily demarcated; that is, the bound morphemes are affixes, and they may be individually identified.
    
48. 
    Morphemes in fusional languages are not readily distinguishable from the root or among themselves. Several grammatical bits of meaning may be fused into one affix. Morphemes may also be expressed by internal phonological changes in the root (i.e. morphophonology), such as consonant gradation and vowel gradation, or by suprasegmental features such as stress or tone, which are of course inseparable from the root.
    
49. 
    The term grammatical category is based on grammar. It means the combination of the meaning, its form. (eg. Work+s =works / categoryof tense).
    
50. 
    The syntax is the set of rules, principles, and processes that govern the structure of sentences in a given language, specificallyword order. The term syntax is also used to refer to the study of such principles and processes.^[3] The goal of many syntacticians is to discover thesyntactic rulescommon to all languages.
    
51.