«инглиз тили лексикологияси» кафедраси

Syntactic typology
is concerned with discovering cross-
linguistic patterns in the formation of 
particular constructions, whether those 
constructions are phrasal, clausal, or 
sentential.
49. 
Nominative language
is a languagewhere the single argument 
of an intransitive verb and the agent of 
a 
transitive 
verb 
(both 
called 
the subject) are treated alike and kept 
distinct from the object of a transitive 
verb. 

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50. 
Ergative language
is 
a language in 
which 
the 
single argument ("subject") 
of 
an 
intransitive 
verb behaves 
like 
the object of a transitive verb, and 
differently from the agent ("subject") 
of a transitive verb. For instance, 
instead of saying "she moved" and "I 
moved her", speakers of an ergative 
language would say the equivalent of 
"she moved" and "by me moved she". 
51. 
Word order
in linguistics typically refers to the 
order of subject (S), verb (V) and 
object (O) in a sentence. The 
arrangement of words in a phrase, 
clause, or sentence. In many languages, 
including English, word order plays an 
important 
part 
in 
determining 
meanings expressed in other languages 
by inflections. 
52. 
Word order
typology is the study of the order of 
the 
syntactic 
constituents 
of 
a 
language, and how different languages 
can employ different orders.
53. 
Adjunct 
is 
an 
optional, 
or structurally 
dispensable, part of a sentence, clause, 
or phrase that, if removed or discarded, 
will not otherwise affect the remainder 
of the sentence. Example: In the 
sentence, 
John helped Bill in Central 
Park
, the phrase 
in Central Park
is an 
adjunct. 
54.