«инглиз тили лексикологияси» кафедраси

dis-
); дўст−душман (root), 
доно−нодон (derived with prefix 
но
-
), богатый-бедный (root), толстый-
нетолстый (derived with negative particle 
не
). 
Both the meaning and the sound can develop in the course of time 
independently. E.g. the Old English ―luvian‖ is pronounced [l^v] in Modern 
English. On the other hand, ―board‖ primarily means ―a piece of wood sawn thin‖. 
It has developed the meanings: a table, a board of theship, a stage, a council etc. 
Syntacmatics−linear (simultaneous) relationship of words in aspeech as 
distinct from theassociative (non-simultaneous) relationship of words in 
thelanguage. 
Paradigmatics− 1) associative (non-simultaneous) relationship of words in 
language as distinct from linear (simultaneous) relationship of words in speech 
(syntagmatics); 
relation 
of 
units 
in 
absentia 
(e.g. 
synonymic, 

---

85 
antonymicrelationships); 2) an approach to language when the elements of its 
system are regarded as associated units joined by oppositional relationship. 
According to the structure, English words can be subdivided into: 
Simple words consist of one root morpheme and an inflexion (in many cases 
the inflexion is zero), e.g. ―red‖, ―ask‖, ―leg‖;
Derived words consist of one root morpheme, one or several affixes and an 
inflexion, e.g. ―aimless‖, ―unemployed‖, ―disbelief‖;
Compound words consist of two or more root morphemes and an inflexion, 
e.g. ―foreign-made‖, ―red-haired‖, ―to daydream‖;
Compound-derived words consist of two or more root morphemes, one or 
more affixes and an inflexion, e.g. ―a stay-slim diet‖, ―an out-of-town 
performance‖, ―do-it-your-self principle‖.
In the Uzbek language they can be classified into: 
Simple words in Uzbek can be subdivided in to root ―ўқи‖, ―келди‖, and 
derived ―билим‖, ―улғай‖, ―серзавқ‖. 
A distinctive feature of Uzbek language is having the types of words such 
pairs 
and 
repeated
ones which can be formed by a hyphen and give one meaning. 
Pair words in Uzbek can be formed as followings: