Inflation and Monetary Policy in Russia



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Abstract

This  paper  seeks  the  main  factors  behind  inflation  in  Russia  over  the  period

1996–2001.  It  presents  a  succinct  description  of  Russian  monetary  policy  and  inflation

developments.  The  econometric  analysis  establishes  a  long-run  relationship  between

demand for the real money balances on the one side and the real income and short-term

interest rate on the other side. It also presents several specifications of modeling short-

run dynamics of inflation. An account is made for the change in the exchange rate regime

after  the  financial  crisis  of  August  1998.  It  finds  that  apart  from  strong  inertia,  money

expansion  and  exchange  rate  depreciation  played  a  role  in  fueling  the  CPI.  However,

there were significant shifts in the underlying trends driving inflation during the studied

period. 

Until 1999 fiscal policy posed the biggest obstacle to the disinflation process in Russia.

In 2000–2001 the main responsibility for sustained inflation pressure can be attributed to

monetary policy trying to target money supply and exchange rate at the same time. The

way out from this policy trap leads through the adoption of one of the so-called 'corner'

solutions, i.e. either a permanently fixed exchange rate, or independent monetary policy

under  a  free  float  regime.  Taking  into  consideration  a  historically  limited  credibility  of

macroeconomic policy and the high level of dollarization, the first variant seems to be 

a  better  solution  for  Russia.  However,  its  implementation  would  require  the

accompanying fiscal, banking and other structural reforms creating a healthy policy-mix

and flexible microeconomic environment. 

5

Studies & Analyses CASE No. 241 – Inflation and Monetary Policy in Russia ...





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