III Other uses of will and shall.
1. Will is also a modal auxiliary verb, and so it can express a variety of meanings.
a) offer: I’ll help you carry those bags.
b) willingness: Will you marry me?
c) request: Will you open the window?
d) refusal: My car won’t start.
e) promise: I’ll love you forever.
f) prediction about the present: ‘The phone is ringing’ ‘It’ll be for me.’
g) assumption about the past (with the perfect infinitive): Most people will have forgotten the fire by now.
2. Shall is found mainly in questions. It is used with I and we.
a) asking for instructions: Where shall I put your tea?
b) asking for a decision: What shall we do tonight?
c) offering to help: Shall I cook supper tonight?
d) making a suggestion: Shall we eat out tonight?
IV. Future Perfect (Continuous).
We use the Future Perfect to say that something will be ended, completed or achieved by a particular point in the future.
e.g. By the time you get home, I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.
We use the Future Perfect Continuous to emphasise the duration of an activity in progress at a particular point in the future.
e.g. On Sunday, we’ll have been living in the house for a year.
I. Will vs. Going to.
1. Complete the text using the verbs given. Choose will or going to with each verb,
depending on which is more appropriate.
1 A: I can't come over during the day.
B: I you tomorrow evening, then, (see)
The method is quite simple, and I'm sure it familiar to most of you already. (be)
Have you seen Karen recently? She another baby, (have)
A: Did you get the theatre tickets?
B: No, I forgot all about them. I them tomorrow, (book)
Wherever you go in Brazil, you the people very friendly, (find)
John says he a politician when he grows up - and he's only 5 years old! (be)
Are these new skis yours? you skiing? (take up)
It's getting very humid - we a thunderstorm, (have)
A: We've got small, medium and large. What size do you want? B: I…….a large one, please, (have)
10 A: Shall I give Ian another ring?
B: Yes, I expect he home by now. (be)
11 A: What are all those bricks for?
B: I a wall at the side of the garden, (build)
I hear you your car. How much do you want for it? (sell)
You can't play football in the garden. I the grass, (cut)
A: What's the matter with Paula? B: She says she ……..
A: She better with some fresh air. (be sick - feel)
15 A: I've been offered a new job in Manchester, so I……..Cameo.
B: When your boss?
A: I'm not sure. Perhaps I to see him later today, (leave - tell - try)
16 A: Did I tell you I dinner with Ken on Thursday?
B: But we a film with Ray and Mary on Thursday. You've known about it for weeks.
A: Sorry. In that case, I ….. a different day with Ken. (have - see - sort out)
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