И. А. Курбасова Е. И. Силантьева

The combination of rails, ballast and ties is known as the railroad track. The railroad track is also called the "permanent way".

The distance between the rails is known as the railway gauge; the Soviet railways have a 1,524 mm gauge. The mechanism which is used to move the trains from one track to another is called a switch.

The place where the ends (концы) of the rails meet in the track is called a joint.

The rails rest on ties. In England "ties" are called "sleepers". The ties or sleepers are laid on ballast which is the foundation of the railway track. The best materials for ballast are crushed rock (broken stone) and gravel.

б) В колонке II найдите определения терминов, дан­ных в колонке I.

1. permanent way 1. the distance between the rails

2. rails 2. the combination of rails, ties and ballast

3. gauge 3. the mechanism which moves th trains from one track to another.

4 ties (sleepers) 4. long steel bars (полоса) on which the trains run

5. switch 5. the place where the ends of the rails meet in the track

6.joint 6. wooden supports (опора) for rails

8. 
   Определите _ значения выделенных слов и словосоче­таний, не пользуясь словарем.