И. А. Курбасова Е. И. Силантьева

7. Найдите в тексте слова с интернациональным, кор­нем (абз. 1, 4, 5) и переведите их на русский язык.
8. Определите значения выделенных слов и словосочета­ний, не пользуясь словарем.

1. The metro system is also called the "Underground".

2. The Americans call their Underground the "Subway".
3. Almost all underground railways in London are laid under the ground, but some short sections run on the surface of the ground. 4. In the early days of London's Underground the trains were hauled by steam locomotives. 5. Modern metro trains have no locomotives; they consist of coaches (cars). 6. The railways which are serviced by high-speed trains are called rapid lines. 7. The construction of the first metro line in Moscow was begun in 1932 and was completed in 1935. 8. When the first line was completed the construction of the second line was initiated. 9. The construction of th.e._Moscow Metro is not completed; it is still going on. 10. In the building of the first section of the Moscow Metro the Soviet people encountered many difficulties. 11. Now the Moscow Metro handles several millions of passengers each day. 12. The workers regularly examine all metro trains. 13. The man who operates a loco­motive is called a driver.


9. Прочтите текст (4 мин. на каждую часть) и кратко передайте на русском языке содержание каждого абзаца
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TEXT A. UNDERGROUND RAILWAYS


I
(1) The underground railways as a kind of city transport appeared in the second half of the 19th century. The first underground system was proposed for London by Charles Pearson in 1843. iBut most people criticized the project. It was spoken of as a fantasy. Indeed, when constructed, the Metropolitan line, as it was called, was not a success.. It was a short distance railway, only a few miles in length, and Londoners went on travelling by surface transport as they feared to get deep under the ground. But this situation did not last long.jWishing to attract more passen­gers to the underground railway Alfred Stanley, General Manager of the Metropolitan line,, filled the stations with flowers and wild animals in cages_;
(2) While travelling, however, public experienced many discomforts. The tunnels were made as small as possible in order to re^tf^tfcVistruction costs. The coaches them­selves were small and narrow. No wonder¹ that people called this underground line a "sardine-box railway". The small windows in the trains were made in the roof so that passen­gers could see nothing.^The oil and gas lamps used gave little light_j So passengers wishing _i|Qn££ad._twh_iile travelling, had to take candles with them* nesTclK/ше steam loco­motives filled the tunnels with steam and smoke. It was this discomfort that later on made engineers introduce electric traction for hauling train(3) When put into service, electric trains , eliminated steam and smoke^and ensured a much more frequent service for passengers: Since that time the construction of great rapid subway systems in such great cities as London, New York, Berlin and Moscow has become, practicable.