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Cultural factors of spreading English across the globe popular music



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21. Cultural factors of spreading English across the globe popular music
The other important entertainment technology was the recording industry, and also here the English language had the dominance. All the major recording companies in popular music had English-language origins, and when popular music arrived, it was in English scene mostly. The pop groups of English-speaking nations dominated the recording world: Elvis Presley in USA or the Beatles and the Rolling Stones in UK. No other single source has spread English around the world so rapidly.
22. British and american body language and gestures
23.Extra linguistic issues in cross-cultural communication: (images, symbols).
24. Cultural factors of spreading English across the globe - international travel and Safety
The medium in transportation and accommodation is English. Equally, English instructions about safety on international flights and sailings and indications about emergency procedures are in English. English then has become the international language. “Airspeak”, the language of international aircraft control, emerged after the Second War World, and it was decided that English would be the international language of aviation.

  1. Speak about Hammer and sickle

Hammer and Sickle
The former USSR (The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) used a hammer and
sickle symbol since 1917, where the hammer represents the proletariat and the sickle is a traditionally a symbol for the peasantry. The combination of these two
symbols represents the unity of workers and peasants. Even after the collapse of Soviet Union, the hammer and sickle motif has endured as a universal symbol of communism. There are several other socialist countries are using the hammer and sickle symbol. For instance, the Chinese Communist Party has the symbol of hammer and sickle on their flag. The handle of the sickle of Chinese Communist Party is shorter and rounder in comparison to that of the USSR. Vietnam's Communist Party puts the hammer and sickle in the center of their flag. North Korea also applies a hammer and sickle symbol on the Workers Party flag. However, they also add a brush symbol, which represents the intellectuals.
Interestingly, in some countries the hammer and sickle symbol is illegal, such as,
Hungary, Poland, Ukraine, Latvia, and Indonesia. Many of them have laws that clearly state that a hammer and sickle symbol stands for “totalitarian and evil ideology." A publicly displayed sickle and hammer, as a symbol of communism, is considered a criminal offense.


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