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Conceptual Framework
The committee developed a conceptual framework for its work plan 
and its deliberations (see Figure 1-4). In this framework, the proximal and 
distal outcomes of most interest for this study are measures of academic 
performance and indicators of health and development in youth. Leading to 
these two ultimate outcomes of interest are several layers of determinants, 
programs, and intermediate outcomes reviewed by the committee. At the 
base of Figure 1-4 are key supports for the multiple programmatic and 
policy approaches to improving physical activity and physical education in 
schools. 
Although the central programmatic approach to physical activity in 
schools remains the physical education curriculum, the committee con-
ceptualized multiple additional opportunities, including intramural and 

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Educating the Student Body: Taking Physical Activity and Physical Education to School
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