3.
Think about transitions
If you have a sharp transition from, say, a reading-writing activity to an oral one,
or from a fast-moving one to a slow one, devote some thought to the transition
stage. It may be enough to ‘frame’ by summing up one component in a few words
and introducing the next; or it may help to have a very brief transition activity
which makes the move smoother (see Ur and Wright, 1992, for some ideas).
4.
Pull the class together at the beginning and the end
If you bring the class together at the beginning for general greetings, organization
and introduction of the day’s programme, and then do a similar full-class
‘rounding-off’ at the end: this contributes to a sense of structure. On the whole,
group or individual work is more smoothly organized if it takes place in the middle
of the lesson, with clear beginning and ending points.
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