Microsoft Word Ed Horwitz Post Dissertation Fina docx

 Financial Condition 
 
Before an individual can focus on preparing for retirement needs, the basic financial 
needs of the present are addressed. Managing monthly income and expenses, properly managing 

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debt, establishing a baseline emergency fund, and purchasing a home are examples of important 
present needs that typically get addressed before attention turns towards future retirement 
planning. Keeping track of spending and proper budget management have been associated with 
retirement savings (Lusardi & Mitchell, 2011). Additionally, historical research has well 
documented the associations between higher levels of financial knowledge, proper debt 
management, the presence of emergency savings, and proper money management skills (Lusardi, 
2008; Martin, 2007; Robb & Woodyard, 2011; Seay & Robb, 2013).