1.
Waqidi: p. 140.
2.
Ibid
.
3.
Ibid
: p. 141.
4.
Ibid
: p. 140.
Page 4
It was now about midday. While the Muslim flanking corps were fighting their battle,
Khalid was watching these actions from his position in the centre. So far he had done
nothing to help these corps, and had refused to be drawn into battle with his central
reserve before it was absolutely necessary. But as the corps returned to battle from the
camps to which they had retreated, Khalid decided to launch his cavalry reserve to assist
them and quicken the re-establishment of the Muslim positions.
He first turned to the right wing and with his Mobile Guard and one cavalry regiment
struck at the flank of the army of Qanateer at the same time as Amr counter-attacked
again from the front. Very soon the Romans, attacked from two sides, turned and beat a
hasty retreat to their original position. Amr regained all the ground that he had lost and
reorganized his corps for the next round.
As soon as this position was restored, Khalid turned to the left wing. By now Yazeed had
begun a major counter attack from the front to push the Romans back. Khalid detached
one regiment under Dhiraar and ordered him to attack the front of the army of Deirjan in
order to create a diversion and threaten the withdrawal of the Roman right wing from its
advanced position. With the rest of the army reserve he attacked the flank of Gregory.
(See Map 21 below) Here again the Romans withdrew under the counter-attacks from
front and flank, but more slowly because with their chains the men could not move fast.
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While the Roman right was falling back, Dhiraar broke through the army of Deirjan and
got to its commander who stood well forward with his body-guard. Here Dhiraar killed
Deirjan. But soon after, the pressure against him became so heavy that he was forced to
retire to the Muslim line.
Before sunset the two flanking armies of the Romans had been pushed back. At sunset
the central armies also broke contact and withdrew to their original positions and both
fronts were restored along the lines occupied in the morning. The Muslims had faced a
critical situation but had regained their lost ground. The right wing of the Muslims
suffered more severely than the other corps, as the most vicious fighting had taken place
in the sector of Amr. However, the day's fighting ended with the Muslims winning this
bout on points.
The night that followed was again a quiet one. The Muslim women got busy dressing
wounds, preparing food, carrying water and so on. On the whole, Muslim spirits were
high as they had been attacked by the bulk of the Roman army and had thrown the
attackers back from their positions. The Muslims had remained on the defensive, the
counter attacks being no more than part of the general defensive posture.
In the Roman camp, however, the mood hardened. Thousands of Romans had been slain
on this day, and the Muslims had not only repulsed the flanking armies which had
penetrated their positions but had actually attacked the Roman centre (Dhiraar's charge)
and broken through, killing the army commander. This was a great loss, for Deirjan was a
distinguished and highly esteemed general. Mahan appointed another general, one by the
name of Qureen, to command Deirjan's army, and transferred the command of the
Armenians to Qanateer, the commander of the Roman left. This was necessary, for in the
next day's battle the major Roman effort would be made against the Muslim right and
right centre.
Page 5
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The battle had got beyond the stage of 'sparks of fire'. It had not yet reached the stage of
'raging conflagration', but the fire was nevertheless burning with fearful heat as the battle
entered its third day. This was to be, for the Muslims, a right-handed action.
The army of chains made no move on this day as it had suffered more heavily on the
previous day than the army of Qanateer. The army of Qureen made a limited effort on the
front of Abu Ubaidah as a diversionary measure to tie down Muslim reserves. But the
Armenians and the left wing of the Roman army, both now under the command of
Qanateer, struck with extreme severity at the Muslim right and the corps of Sharhabeel,
selecting as the main point of attack the junction between Sharhabeel and Amr bin Al
Aas.
The initial attack was again repulsed by Amr and Sharhabeel, but the Roman advantage
of numbers, against which the Muslims could only put up the same tired soldiers, soon
began to tell. Thus, shortly before midday, Qanateer broke though in several places. The
corps of Amr fell back to the camp, and the right part of Sharhabeel's front was also
pushed back, while his left still held firmly to its position. Several gaps now appeared in
the Muslim front.
Again the Muslim women came into action with tent poles and stones and sharp tongues;
and again the Muslims recoiled from them to face the Romans. One of these Muslims
confided to his comrades:
"It is easier to face the Romans than our women!"
1
The bulk
of the two corps re-established a second line and held the Roman efforts to break through.
Amr even took the offensive and struck at the Romans with his cavalry and infantry,
intending to dislodge them from their forward positions, but had little success.
At the stage a Muslim lady came running to Khalid. She had suddenly got a bright
military idea and wanted Khalid to get the benefit of it - just in case he did not know.
"O
Son of Al Waleed"
said the lady,
"you are among the noblest of the Arabs. Know that the
men only stay with their commanders. If the commanders stand fast the men stand fast. If
the commanders are defeated the men are defeated."
2
Khalid thanked her politely for the advice and assured her that in this army the
commanders would not be defeated!
Now Khalid launched his cavalry reserve against the flank of Qanateer. At the same time
Amr's cavalry regiment manoeuvred from the right and struck Qanateer in his left flank,
while the infantry of Amr and Sharhabeel counter-attacked frontally. (See Map 22 below)
This time the Roman opposition to the Muslim counter-attack proved much more
stubborn and hundreds of Muslims fell in combat, but by dusk the Romans were pushed
back to their own position and the situation restored as at the beginning of the battle.
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