Introduction Chapter I

CONCLUSION
American English pronounciation is considered one of the wide spread pronunciation in English language.it is one of the literary national types used since end of the eighteenth century. I realized during my investigation that there are three types of pronounciation in Australia.
1.Educated or cultivated American English
2.Broad American English
3.General American English (gau) which is regarded as a literary type
Considered one of the major variations of the English language, American English is the official language of Australia, having originally deviated from British English in the 18th century, after the founding of the Colony of New South Wales. It has been recognised as being distinctive from British English for almost 200 years and emerged as European settlers from Britain, Ireland and Germany mixed with one another.
Linguistic features of American English
Generally speaking, American English takes features from both British and American English, so it is sometimes considered a combination of the two variations. However, it is important to understand that there are a number of unique features as well, including exclusive vocabulary.

Learning the specific features can be beneficial to anyone planning on travelling to the country, or anyone hoping to find work in the country in future. So, with that in mind, here is our quick guide to American English.

What are the Differences Between American, British, and American English?

A Guide to American English
Grammatical Features
American English’s reputation as an amalgam of British and American English can be understood more clearly when you look at its grammatical features. For example, in terms of spelling, American English most closely resembles British English. The ‘u’ is retained in words like ‘colour’ and the ‘ise’ ending is used instead of the Americanised ‘ize’ suffix on words like ‘realise’/’realize’.
Yet, there are plenty of exceptions to this. The word ‘inquire’ is often used instead of ‘enquire’, which resembles American English, while the word ‘program’ is used instead of the British English ‘programme’. Furthermore, even though the British English spelling of ‘labour’ is most common, the American Labor Party’s name has an Americanised spelling instead.
Much like with British English, American English has irregular past tense and past participles of verbs like ‘spell’ and ‘smell’, so they become ‘spelt’ and ‘smelt’, respectively. However, like with American English, Americans are more likely to say numbers like 1,100 as “eleven hundred”, rather than “one thousand, one hundred”.

When dealing with collective nouns, American English has more in common with the American version of the language. For example, both Americans and Americans would say “the football team has scored a goal”, whereas in British English, they would say “the football team have scored a goal”.

Interestingly, the naming of rivers follows either American or British conventions, depending on where in the country you are. For most of Australia, the American naming convention is used, so the word ‘River’ appears last, as with the Hudson River or the Mississippi River. To give an American example, it would be the Darling River.
Yet, in Southern Australia, the British naming system is used, with the word ‘River’ appearing first, as with the River Thames. Therefore, the river mentioned above would be called the River Darling.
A Guide to American English
Pronunciation
American English truly takes on a life of its own when it comes to the pronunciation of words and this is why most people with American accents sound so distinctive. One of the most noticeable features is the different sound for the ‘i’ in words like ‘night’ and ‘like’. Instead, it sounds like a less pronounced ‘oi’, (e.g. ‘noight’).
The soft ‘a’, which can be heard in words like ‘cat’ and ‘hat’, is usually pronounced similar to ‘eh’. As such, this means that the word ‘cat’ sounds like ‘ceht’, while the word ‘hat’ sounds like ‘heht’.
Likewise, a similar phenomenon can be observed with the hard ‘a’ sound, which features in words like ‘day’, ‘way’ or ‘mate’. In this instance, the ‘a’ is pronounced somewhat similar to how a British English person might say the word ‘aye’. Therefore, the word ‘mate’ becomes ‘m-aye-te’.
In most cases, the ‘ing’ ending is not pronounced in full, meaning words like ‘singing’, ‘jumping’ and ‘catching’ are pronounced ‘singin’, ‘jumpin’ and ‘catchin’. This is a trait that is sometimes seen in informal English in both the United States and Great Britain as well, but it is more common in American English.
Finally, American English is said to be a non-rhotic variation of the language, which means that the /r/ sound is not pronounced if it is after a vowel and not immediately followed by another vowel. For instance, the word ‘card’ is pronounced ‘caːd’, with the /r/ sound being dropped. Meanwhile, the ending of words like ‘better’ and ‘wetter’ is lowered, to sound similar to ‘ah’. This means you would say ‘bett-ah’, ‘wett-ah’, ‘riv-ah’, and so on.
By way of conclusion,there are several factors which means understanding this type of pronounciation is pivotal.travelling,business,education can be counted as salient example of the situation.
dialect is a form of the language that is spoken in a particular part of the country or by a particular group of people. There are many different dialects of English and they have different words and grammar. Most learners of English learn the standard dialects of the language.
There are many different forms of standard English: for example, standard British English, standard American English, standard New Zealand English, standard Indian English. The standard dialects of the language are used by governments, in the media, in schools and for international communication.
Pronunciation means how we say words. Most people speak the dialect of standard English with an accent that belongs to the part of the country they come from or live in. Learners of British English commonly hear RP (received pronunciation), which is an accent often used on the BBC and other news media and in some course materials for language learners, but it is also common to hear a variety of regional accents of English from across the world.
How we use spoken stress and rhythm is also an important part of pronunciation. For example, it is important to know which syllables in a word are stressed and how different patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables are pronounced. There are also common patterns of intonation in English which enable us to give special emphasis to particular words, phrases and sentences.

A dialect is not the same as an accent. An accent refers to the way we pronounce words and the standard dialect of a language can be spoken with different accents.

Examples of dialect forms in British English are:
I ain’t going to school today. (standard form: I’m not going to school today.)
She don’t understand. (standard form: She doesn’t understand.)
Would you like a cheese cob? (cob is a dialect word in parts of the north of England and means ‘bread roll’.)
Standard dialects are not better than other dialects, but we don’t use dialect words or grammar in an essay, during an interview or in other formal contexts.
Most of the differences between the English of the UK (which we shall call BrE) and the English of North America (which we shall call AmE) are vocabulary differences and differences in pronunciation and spelling. However, there are some differences in the way grammar is used. Almost all of the structures in this book are used in both varieties, but there are often differences in how common a structure is in one variety or the other. There are fewer differences in writing than in speaking.
Grammar is always changing, and many new ways of using grammar in BrE come from AmE, because of the influence of American popular culture, American media and the Internet.
Words in English are not always spelled as they are pronounced. Spelling in English follows some basic rules and the majority of English words (around 75%) follow these rules. You can learn the rules but there are always exceptions to the rules that need to be learned too.
The main basic spelling rules of English relate to: prefixes and suffixes; spelling and plurals; doubling letters; dropping and adding letters; verb forms. This section focuses on British English but also covers some basic differences in spelling between British and American English.


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