|
Ja’ala ke Ehkaam
-
“Ja’ala”se muraad yeh hai ke insaan waada kare ke agar ek kaam ooske liyeanjaam diya jaayega to woh ooske badle kuch maal (bataure inaam) dega maslan yeh kahe ke jo ooski gumshuda cheez bar’aamad karega woh oos 10 rupayye (ina’am) dega to jo shakhs oos raqam ka waada kare ooose “jaa’il”aur jo shakhs woh kaam ko anjaam de oose “a’amil”kehte hain. Ijaare aur ja’aale mein b’az lehaaz se farq hai. Oon mein se ek yeh hai ke ijaare mein segha padhne ke ba’d ajeer ke liye zaruri hai ke kaam anjaam de aur jisne oose ajeer banaya ho woh ujrat ke liye oos ka maqruz ho jaata hai. Laikin ja’aale mein agarche a’amil ek mia’yyin shakhs hota hai ta’ham ho sakta hai ke woh kaam mein masshghool na ho. Pas jabtak woh kaam anjaam na de, Ja’il ooska maqruz nahi hota
-
Ja’il ke liye zaruri hai ke woh baaligh aur a’aqil ho aur inaam ka waada apne iraade aur ikhtayaar se kare aur shar’an apne maal mein tasarruf kar sakta ho. Isii bina par safiya. Jo apna maal fuzool kaamo mein sirf karta ho. Ja’ela sahi nahi hai aur bilkul isii tarah diwaliya shakhs ka ja’ela oon amwaal mein sahi nahi hai jin mein tasarruf ka haq nahi rakhtaa.
-
Ja’il jo kaam logo se karaana chaahta hai zaruri hai ke woh haraam ya be faida na ho aur na hi oon waajibaat mein se ho jinka bila mu’afeza baj’a laana shar’an laazim ho. Lehaaza agar koi shakhs kahe ke jo koi shakhs sharaab piyega ya raat ke waqt kisi aaqelaana maqsad ke bagahir ek tareek jagah par jaayega ya waajib namaaz padhega main oose 10 rupayye donga to ja’ela sahi nahi hai.
-
Jis maal ke baare mein muhaida kiya jaa raha ho zaruri nahi hai ke ooski poori khususiyaat ka zikr kar mo’yyin kiya jaaye. Balke agar suurate haal yeh ho ke kaam karne waale ko yeh maloom ho oos kaam ko anjaam dene ke liye aqdaam karna jam’aat shumaar na hoga to kaafi hai. Maslan agar ja’el yeh kahe ke agar tumne iis maal ko 10 rupayye se zyaada qeemat par becha to izaafi raqam tumhaari hogi ti ja’ela sahi hai. Aur isii tarah ja’el kahe ke jo koi mera ghoda doondh kar layega oose ghode mein niisf shirkat ya 10 man gehoon doonga to bhi ja’ela sahi hai.
-
Agar kaam ki ujrat muqamaal taur par mabham hai maslan ja’il yeh kahe jo mera baccha talaash karega main oose raqam doonga laikin raqam ki miqdaar ka ta’een na kare to agar koi shakhs oos kaam ko anjaam de to zaruri hai ke ja’il oose ootni ujrat de jinti aam logo ki nazro mein a’amil ki oojart qarrar paa sake.
-
Agar a’amil ne ja’il ke qaul-o-qarrar de pahle hi woh kaam kar diya ho ya qaul-o-qarrar ke ba’d iis niyyat se woh kaam anjaam de ke badle mein raqam nahi lega to phir woh ujrat ka haqdaar nahi.
-
Iisse pahle ke a’amil kaam shuru kare ja’il ja’ala ko mansookh kar sakta hai.
-
Jab a’amil na kaam shuru kar diys ho agar ooske ba’d ja’il ja’ala mansookh karna chahe to oos mein iishkaal hai. Magar yeh ke a’amil bhi raazi ho.
-
A’amil kaam ko adhoora chod sakta hai. Laikin agar kaaam adhoora chodne par ja’il ko ya jis shakhs ke liye yeh kaam anjaam diya jaa raha hai koi nuqsaan pohochta ho to zaruri hai ke woh kaam muqammal kare. Maslan agar koi shakhs kahe jo koi meri aankh ka ilaaj kar de main oose iis qadr mua’veza doonga aur doctor ooski aakh ka operation kar de aur suurat yeh ho ke ilaaj muqammal na kare to aankh mein aib paida ho jaaye to zaruri hai ke apna operation taqmeel tak pohoonchaaye.
-
Agar a’amil kaam adhoora chod de to kisi cheez ka mutaleba nahi kar sakta. Agar ja’il ujrat ko kaam muqammal karne se masshroot kar de maslan yeh keh de ke koi mera libaas siyega to mein oose 10 rupayye donga laikin agar ooski muraad yeh ho ke jitna kaam kiya jaaye ga ootni hi ujrat dega to phir ja’il ko chahiye ke jitna kaam hua ho ootni oojtar a’amil ko de.
Muzaare’a ke Ehkaam
-
Muzaare’a se mraad yeh hai ke(zameen ka)maalik kaashtaar (muzaare’a) se muhaida kare ke apni zameen oos ke ikhtayaar mein se take take woh ooski kaashtkaari kare aur paidawaar ka kuch hiissa maalik ko de.
-
Muzaare’a ki kuch shartein hain:
(1) Do ashkhaas ke darmiyaan yeh muhaida aur ahad-o-paymaan ho maslan zameen ka maalik kaashtakaar se kahe ke maine zameen tumhe kheti baadi ke liye di hai aur kaashtkaar bhi kahe mein yeh qabool kiya hai ya baghair iis ke zabaani kuch kahe maalik kaashtkaar ko kheti baadi ke iraade se zameen de de aur kaashtkaar qabool kar le.
(2) Zameen ka malik aur kaashtkaar dono baaligh aur a’aqil ho aur bataayi ka mauhaida apne iraade aur ikhtayaar se kare aur safiya. Jo apna maal fuzool kaamo mein kharch karte hon ya na ho. Isii tarah zaruri hai ke maalik diwaalia na ho. Laikin agar kaashtkaar diwaalia ho aur ooska muzaare’a karna oon amwaal mein tasarruf na kaha jaaye jin mein oose tasarruf karna maaane tha to aisii suurat mein koi iishkaal nahi hai.
(3) Maalik aur kaashtkaar mein se har ek ko zameen ki paidawaar mein se aadha hiissa ya teesra hiissa waghairah le le. Lehaaza agar koi bhi apne liye hiissa muqarrar na kare maslan maalik kahe ke zameen mein kheti baadi karo jo tumhara ji chahe mujhe de dena to yeh durust nahi hai aur isii tarah agar paidawaar ki ek mua’yin miqdaar maslan 10 man ka kaashtkaar ya maalik ke liye muqarrar kar di jaye to yeh bhi sahi hai.
(4) Jitni mudaat ke liye zameen kaashtkaar ke qabze mein rehni chahiye oose mo’yyin karde aur zaruri hai ke owh muddat itni ho ke oos muddat mein paidawaar haasil hona mumkin ho. Aur agar muddat ki ibteda ek makhsoos din se aur muddat ka ikhtetaam paidawaar milne ko muqarar kar de to kaafi hai.
(5) Zameen kaabil-e-kasht ho. Agar oos mein abhi kasht karna mumkin na ho laikin aiisa kaam kiya jaa sakta ho jisse kaasht mumkin ho jaaye to muzaare’a sahi hai.
(6) Kaastkaar jo cheez kaasht karna chahta hai, zaruri hai ke oosko mo’yyin kar diys jaaye. Maslan mo’yyin kar le ke chaawal hai ya gehoon hain, aur agar chaawal hai to kaoon si kiism ka chaawal hai. Laikin agar kisi makhsoos cheez ki kaasht pesh-e-nazar na ho to ooska mo’yyin karna zaruri nahi hai. Isii tarah gar koi makhsoos cheez pesh-e-nazar ho aur ooska ilm ho to laazim nahi hai keke ooski wazaahat bhi kare.
(7) Maalik zameen ko mo’yyin kar de. Yeh shart iis suurat mein hai jab ke maalik ke paas zameen ke chand Qata’at ke lawazim kaastkaari mein farq ho. Laikin agar oon mein koi farq na ho to zamen ko mo’yyin karna laazim nahi hai. Lehaaza agar maalik kaastkaar se kahe ke zameen ke oon qata’at mein se kisi ek mein kheti baadi karo aur oos qa’ta ko mo’yyin na kare to muzaare’a sahi hai. Aur muhaide ke ba’d zameen ki taa’een karna maalik ka haq hai.
(8) Jo kharch oon mein se har ek ko karna zaruri ho jaiise beej, kaasht, awazim, kaasht kaari waghairah oose mo’yyin kar de laikin jo kharch har ek ko karna zaruri ho agar ooska rasmi taur par ilm ho to phir ooski wazaahat karna laazim nahi.
-
Agar maalik kaaastkaar se tay kare ke paidawaar ki kuch miqdaar ek ki hogi aur jo baaqi bachega oose woh aapas mein taqseem kar lengeto muzaare’a baatil hai agarche oonhein ilmho ke oos miqdar ko alehda karne ke ba’d kuch na kuch baaqi bach jayega. Haan! agar woh aapas mein tay kar le ke beej ki jo miqdaar kaasht ki gayi haiya tax ki jo miqdar hukumat leti hai woh paidawaar se nikali jaaye gi aur jo baaqi bachega oose dono ke darmiyaan taqseem kiya jaayega to muzaare’a sahi hai.
-
Agar muzaare’a ke liye koi muddat mu’ayyin ki ho ke jis mein amuman paidawaar dast-e-aab ho jaati hai laikin agar ittefaqan muddat khatm ho jaaye aur paidawaar dast-e-aab na hui ho to agar muddat mo’yyin karte waqt yeh baat bhi sha’amil thi ya’nidono iis baat pe raazi the kemuddat khatm hone ke ba’d agar paidawaar dasteaaab na hui to muzaare’a khatm ho jaayegato iis suurat emin agar maalik iis baat pe razi ho k eke ujrat ya baghair ujrat fasl zameen mein khadi kare aur kaashtkaar bhi raazi ho to koi harj nahi hai. Aur agar maalik raazi na ho to kaashtkaar ko majboor kar sakta heke fasl zameen mein se kaat le aur agar fasal kaatne mein agar kaastkaar ko koi nuqsaan pohoonche to laazim nahi hai ke maalik oose ooska aewaz de. Laikin agarche kaastkaar maalik ko koi cheez dene par raazi ho tab bhi woh maalik ko majboor nahi kar sakta ke woh fasl apni zameen par rehne de.
-
Agar koi aisii suurat pesh aa jaaye ke zameen mein kheti karna mumkin na ho malan zameen ka paani band ho jaaye to muzaare’a khatm ho jaata hai. Aur agar kaashtkaar bina wajah agar kheti na kare to agar zameen ooske tasarruf mein hi rahi ho aur aur maalik ka oos mein koi tasarruf na raha ho to zaruri hai kea am shar’a ke hiisaab se oos muddat ka kiraaye maalik ko de.
-
Zameen ka maalik aur kaashtkaar ek dusre ki razamandi ke baghair muzaare’a (ka muhaida) mansookh nahi kar sakte. Laikin agar muzaare’a ke muhaide mein oonhone ne shart tay ki ho ke oon mein se dono ya kisi ek ko mamla fasq karne ka haq haasil hoga to jo muhaida oonhone kar rakha hai oos ke mutabiq m’amla fasq kar sakte hain. Isii tarah agar oon dono mein se kisi ek fareeq tay shuda shart ke khilaaf amal kare to dasra fareeq mamla fasq kar sakta hai.
-
Agar muzaare’a ke muahaide ke ba’d maalik ya kaashtkaar mar jaaye to muzaare’a manshook nahi ho jaata, balke oonke waariis oonki jagaha le lete hain. Laikin agar kaashtkaar mar jaaye aur agar oonhone muzaare’a mein yeh shart rakhi thi ke kaashtkaar khud kaasht karega to muzaare’a mansookh ho jaata hai. Laikin jo kaam oske zime the woh muqqamal ho gaye ho to iis suurat mein muazaa’re mansookh nahi hota aur ooska hiissa ooske warse ko dena zaruri hai. Jo dusre haquqo ka kaastkaar ko haasil ho woh bhi woh bhi ooske wirsa ko meeraas mein mil jaate hain aur warsa maalik ko iis baat par majboor kar sakte hain ke muzaare’a khatm hone tak fasl oss ki zameen mein khadi rahe.
-
Agar kaasht ke ba’d pata chale ke muzaare’a baatil tha to agar jo beej dala gaya ho woh maalik ka maal ho to jo fasl haath aayego woh bhi oosi ka maal hogi aur zaruri hai ke kaashtkaar kiujrat aur jo kuch oosne kharch kiya ho aur kaashtkaar ke mamluqe jin baaliyo aur jaaanwaro ne zameen par kaam kiya ho oonka kiraaya kashtkaar ko de. Agar beej kaashtkaar ka ho to fasl bhi oosi ka maal hai aur zaruri hai ke zameen ka kiraaya aur jo kuch bhi maalik ne kharch kiya ho aur oonke bailo aur dusre jaanwaro ka kiraaya jo maalik ka maal ho aur jin ho ne oos za’ra’at par kaam kiya ho maalik ko de. Aur dono suuraton mein aam taur se jo haq banta hai agar ooski miqdar tay shuda miqdar se zyaada ho aur dusre ne fareeq ko ooska ilm ho to zyaada miqdar dena waajib nahi.
-
Agar beej kaastkaar ka maal ho aur kasht ke ba’d fareeqeen ko pata chale muzaare’a baatil tha to agar maalik aur kaashtkaar razamand ho ke ujrat ya bila ujrat fasl zameen pe khadi rahe to koi iishkaal nahi. Aur agar maalik raazi na ho to ehteyaat-e-waajib ki bina par fasl pakne se pahle woh kaashtkaar ko majbooor na kare ke woh oose kaat le aur isii tarah maalik kaashtakaar ko majboor nahi kar sakta ke woh kiraaya deaur fasl ko apni zameen mein baaqi rehne de. Isii tarah jabke zameen ka kiraaye bhi oose talab na kare.
-
Agar khet ki paidawaar jamaa karne aur muzaare’a ki miyaad khatm hone ke ba’d khet ki jadein zameen mein reh jaye aur dusre saal dobara sar sabza ho jaye aur paidawaar de to agar maalik ne kaashtkaar ke saath za’ra’at ki jado mein iisteraak ka muhaida na kiya ho to dusre saal ki paidawaar aur beej ke maalik ka maal hai.
Massaaqaat aur Mugharesa ke Ehkaam
-
Agar insaan kisi ke saath iis qiism ka muhaida kare maslan phal daar darakhto ko jin ka phal khud oos ka maal ho ya oos ka phal par ppska ikhtayaar ho ek muqarra’a waqt ke liye kisi dusre shakhs ke supurd kar de taale woh oonki nigaahdaasht kare aur oonhein paani de aur jitni miqdaar aapas mein tay kare ooske mutabiq woh oon darakhto ka phal le leto aiisa m’amle”Massaaqaat”(Aabyaari) kehlaata hai.
-
Jo darakht phal nahi dete aur agar oonko koi dusri paidawaar ho patte aur phool ho ke jo kuch na kuch miqiyat rakhtae ho, maslan mehendi aur (paan) ke darakht ke oos ke patte kaam aate hain,oonke liye massaaqaat ka m’amla sahi hai.
-
Massaaqaat ke mamle mein segha padhna laazim nahi hai balki agar darakht ka maalik massaaqaat ki niyyat se oose kisi ke supurd kare aur jis shakhs ko kaam karna ho woh bhi oosi niyyat se kaam mein masshghool ho jaaye to m’amla sahi hai.
-
Darakhto ka maalik aur jo shakhs darakhto ki nagaah daasht ka zimma le zaruri hai ke dono baligh aur a’aqil ho aur kisi ne oonhein m’amla karne par majboor na kiya ho neiz yeh bhi zaruri eke safiya na ho ya’ni apna maal fuzool kaamo mein kharch na karte ho. Isii tarah zaruri hai ke maalik diwaaliya na ho. Laikin agar baaghbaan diwaaliya ho aur massafat ka m’amla karne ki suurat mein oon amwaaal mein tasarruf karna laazim na aaye jin mein tassaruf karne se oose roka gaya ho to koi iishkaal nahi hai.
-
Massaaqaat ki muddat mo’yyin hona chahiye aur itni muddat hona zaruri hai ke jis mein paidawaar dast-e-aab hona mumkin ho. Agar fareqeen in muddat ki ibteda mo’yyin kar de aur ooska ikhtetaam oos waqt ko qarrar de jab ooski paidawaar dast-e-aab ho to m’amla sahi hai.
-
Zaruri hai ke har fareeq ka hiisa aadha ya ek teehayi ya isii ke maanind ho aur agar yeh muhaida kare ke maslan 100 man maiwa maalik ka aur baaqi kaam karne waale ka hoga to m’amla baatil hai.
-
Laazim nahi hai ke massaaqaat ka m’amla paidawaar zaahir hone se pahle tay kar le. Balke agar paidawaar hone ke ba’d m’amla kare aur kuch kaam baaqi reh jaaye jo ki paidawaar mein izaafe ke liye ya ooski behtari ya oose nuqsaan se bachaane ke liye zaruri hai to m’amla sahi hai. Laikin agar iis tarah ka agar koi kaam baaaqi na raha ho, balke aiise kaam jo darakht ke parwariish ke liye zaruri hai ya mewa todne ya ooski hifaazat jaiise kam baaqi reh gaye hon to phir massaaqaat ke m’amle ka sahi hona mehl-e-iishkaal hai.
-
Kharbooze, kheero aur in jaisii dusri belo ke baare massaaqaat ka m’amla bina bar izhaar sahi hai.
-
Jo darakht baariish ke paani ya zameen ki nami se iistefada karta ho aur jise aabyaaari ki zarurat na ho oose maslan dusre aiise kaamo ki zarurat hi jo massla no. 2203 mein bayaan ho chuke hai to oon kaamo ke baare mein massaaqaat ka m’amla sahi hai.
-
Do afraad jinhone massaaqaat ki ho bahami razamandi se m’amle ko fasq kar sakte hai aur agar massaaqaat ke muhaide ke silsile mein yeh tay kare ke oon dono ko ya oon mein se kisi iak ko m’amla fasq karne ka haq hoga to oonke tay karda muhaide ke mutabbiq m’amla fasq karne mein koi iishkaal nahi . Aur agar massaaqaat ke m’amle mein koi shart tay kare aur oos shart par amal na ho to jis shakhs ne qa’ede ke liye woh shart tay ki gayi ho woh m’amle ko fasq kar sakta hai.
-
Agar maalik mar jaaye to massaaqaat ka m’amla fasq nahi hota balki ooske waariis ooski jagah paate hain.
-
Darakhto ki parwariish jis shakhs ke supurd ki gayi ho agar woh mar jaaye aur muhaide mein yeh qaid ya shart aayed na ki gayi ho ke woh khud darakhto ki parwariish karega to ooske wars ooski jagah le sakte hain aur agar warsa na khud darakhto ki parwariish ka kaam anjaam de na na oosi maqsad ke liye kisi ko ajeer muqrrar kare to Haakim-e-shar’a marne waale ke maal se kisi ko ajeer muqarrar kar dega aur agar fareqeen ne m’amle mein yeh qiad lagaayi ke owh shakhs khud darakhto ki parwariish karega to ooske marne ke ba’d m’amla fasq ho jaaye ga.
-
Agar yeh shart tay ki jaaye ke tamaam paidawaar maalik ka maal hogi to massaaqaat baatil hai. Laikin aisii suurat mein paidawaar maalik ka maal hogi aur jis shakhs ne kaam kiya ho woh ujrat ka mutaleba nahi kar sakta. Laikin agar massaaqaat kisi aur wajah se batil ho to zaruri hai k eke maalik aabyaari aur dusre kaamo ki ujrat darakhto ki nigaahdaasht karne waale ko ma’mool ke mutabiq de. Laikin agar ma’mool ke mutabiq ujrat tay shuda ujrat se zyaada ho to woh ooske muta’lea ho to tay shuda ujrat se zyaada dena laazim nahi
-
“Mugharesa” yeh hai ke koi shakhs zameen dusre ke supurd kare take woh darakht laage aur oose jo kuch bhi haasil ho to dono ka maal ho to yeh m’amla sahi hai agarche ehteyaat yeh hai ke aiise m’amle ko tarq kare. Laikin agar oos m’amle ke natije par pohoonchne ke liye koi aur m’amla anjaam de to baghair iishkaal ke woh m’amla sahi hai. Maslan fareqeen kisi tarah baham sulah aur ittefaaq kar le ya naye darakht lagaane mein shareeq ho jaaye phir baaghbaan apni khidmat maalik zameen ko beej bone, darakhto ki nigaahdaast aur aabyaari karne ke liye ek mo’yyin muddat tak zameen ki paidawaar ke niisf qa’ede ke a’waz kiraaye par pesh kare.
Woh ashkhaas jo apne maal mein tasarruf nahi karte
-
Jo baccha baaligh na ho woh apni zimmedaari aur apne maal mein shar’an tasarruf nahi kar sakta agarche acche aur bure ko samajhne mein hade kamaal tak pohoonch gaya ho aur sarparast ka pahle se ijaazat dena oos baare mein koi faida nahi rakhtaa aur ba’d mein ijaazat dena bhi mehl-e-iishkaal ha. Laikin chand cheezon mein bacche ka tasarruf karna sahi hai, oon mein se kam qeemat wali cheezo ki khareed farokht karna hai jise massla no2041 mein guzar chuuka hai. Isii tarah bacche ke apne khooni riishtedaaro aur kurbati riishtedaaro ke liye wasiyat karna jis ka bayaan massla no. 2655 mein aayega. Ladki mein baaligh hone ki a’laamat yeh hai ke woh 9 qamri saal poore kar le aur ladke ke baaligh hone ki alaamat 3 cheezon mein se ek hoti hai
(1) Naaf ke neeche aur shargaah se uupar sakht baalo ka uugna.
(2) Mani ka khaarij hona.
(3) Bar bina masshoor uumr ke 15 qamri saal poore hona.
-
Chehre par aur hoto ke uupar sakht baalo ka oogna ba’eed nahi hai ki balughat ki alaamat ho laikin seene par baghal mein baalo ka oogna aur awaaz ka bhaari ho jaana aisii hi dusri alaamaat balughiyat ki niisahhniyaa nahi hain.
-
Deewana apne maal mein tassaruf nahi kar sakta. Isii tarah diwaliya. Woh shakhs jise ooske karz khawoh ke mutalbe par Haakim-e-shar’a ne apne maal mein tasarruf karne se mana kar diya ho. Karz khwahon ki ijaazat ke baghair oos maal mein tassarruf nahi kar sakta aur isii tarah safiya. ya’ni ji shakhs apna maal ahmakaana aur fuzool kaamo mein kharch karta hai ho. Sarparast ke ijaazat ke baghair apne maal mein tassarruf nahi kar sakta .
-
Jo shakhs kabhi a’aqil aur kahbhi deewana ho jaaye ooska deewaangi ki haalat mein apne maal mein tasarruf karna sahi nahi hai.
-
Insaan ko ikhtayaar hai ke marz-ul-maut ke a’alam mein apne aap par ya apne ahl-o-ayaal ya mehmaano par aur oon kaamo par jo fuzool kharchi mein shumaar na ho jitna chahe khrch kar sakta hai. Agar apne maal ko oosi ki (asl) qeemat par farokht kare ya kiraaye par de to koi iishkaal nahi hai. Laikin agar apna maalkisi ko baksh de ya ra’ez qeemat se sata farokht kare to jitni miqdar oosne baksh di hai ya jitni sasti farokht ki hai agar woh ooske maal ke ek teeha’yi ke barabar hai ya oossekam ho to oos mein tassarruf karna sahi hai. Agar ek teeha’yi se zyaada ho to warsa izzat na de to ek teeha’yi se zyaada mein ooska tassarruf baatil hai.
Vakaalat ke Ehkaam
“Vakaalat”se muraad yeh hai muhaida karne ya m’amla karne ya ooon jaiise kisi kaam ko maslan “tehweel mein dena” aur “tehweel mein lena” jo insaan khud karne ka haq rakhtaa ho oose dusre ke supurd kar de take woh ooski taraf se kaam anjaam de. Maslan kisi ko apna vakeel banaaye taaki woh ooska makaan bech de ya kisi aurat se ooska aqd kara de. Lehaaza safiya kyoonki apne maal mein tassarruf karne ka haq nahi rakhtaa hai woh makaan bechne ke liye vakeel nahi bana sakta.
-
Vakaalat mein segha padhna laazim nahi hai balke agar insaan dusre insaan ko samjha de ke oos ne oose vakeel muqarrar kiya hai aur wh bhi samhja de ke oosne vakeel banna qabool kiya hai maslan ek shakhs apna maal dusre ko de take woh oose apni taraf se bech de aur dasra shakhs woh maal le le to vakaalat sahi hai.
-
Agar insaan ek aiise shakhs ko vakeel muqarrar kar jiski rihaayiish kisi dusre shaher mein ho aur oosko wakaalat nama bhej de aur woh wakaal nama qubool kar le to agarche woh vakaalat nama oose kuch arse ba’d hi mile phir bhi vakaalat sahi hai.
-
Muwakkil ya’ni woh shakhs jo dusre ko vakeel banaye aur woh shakhs jo vakeel bane zaruri hai ke dono baligh aur a’aqil ho aur (vakeel banaane aur vakeel banne ka) aqdaame qasad aur ikhtayaar se kare aur muwakkil ke ma’amle mein bulugh bhi mo’atbar hai. Magar oon kaamo mein jin ko mamayyez bacche ka anjaam dena sahi hai. (oon mein bulugh ki shart nahi hai)
-
Jo kaam insaan anjaam na de sakta ho ya shar’an dena zaruri na ho oose anjaam dene ke liye woh dusre ka vakeel nahi ban sakta. Maslan jo shakhs Hajj ka ehraam baandh chuuka ho choonki oose nikaah ka segha nahi padhna chahe oos liye woh segha-e-nikaah padhne ke liye dusre ka vakeel nahi ban sakta.
-
Agar koi shakhs apne tamaam kaam anjaam dene ke liye dusre shakhs ko vakeel banaye to sahi hai laikin agar apne kaamo mein se ek kaam karne ke liye dusre ko vakeel banaye aur kaam ka ta’een na kare to wakaalat sahi nahin hai,. Han! Agar vakeel ko chand kaamo mein se ek kaam jis ka woh khud intekhaab kare anjaam den eke liye vakeel banaye maslan oos ko vakeel banaye keh ya oos ka ghar farokht kare ya kiraaye par de to wakaalat sahi hai.
-
Agar (mawakkil) vakeel ko m’azool kar de y’ani jo kaam oos ke zimme lagaya ho oos se bartaraf kar de to vakeel apni m’azooli ki khabar mil jaane ke b’ad oos kaam ko (mawakkil ki janib se) anjaam nahin de sakta laikin m’azooli ki khabar milne se pahle oos new o kaam kar diya ho to sahi hai.
-
Mawakkil khawah maujood na ho vakeel khud ko wakaalat se kinara kashi kar sakta hai.
-
Jo kaam vakeel ke supurd kiya gaya ho, oos kaam ke liye woh kisi dusre shakhs ko vakeel muqarrar nahin kar sakta laikin agar mawakkil ne oose ijaazat de ho keh kisi ko vakeel muqarrar kare to jis tarah oos ne hukm diya hai oosi tarah woh a’mal kar sakta hai lehaaza agar oos ne kaha ho keh mere liye ek vakeel muqarrar karo to zaruri hai keh oos ki taraf se vakeel muqarrar kare laikin az khud kisi ko vakeel muqarrar nahin kar sakta.
-
Agar vakeel mawakkil ki ijaazat se kisi ko oos ki taraf se vakeel muqarrar kare to pahle vakeel dusre vakeel ko m’azool nahin kar sakta aur agar pahla vakeel mar jaaye ya mawakkil oose m’azool kar de tab bhi dusre vakeel ki wakaalat batil nahin hoti.
-
Agar vakeel mawakkil kio ijaazat se kisi ko khud apni taraf se vakeel muqarrar kare to mawakkil aur pahla vakeel oos vakeel ko m’azool kar sakte hain aur agar pahle vakeel mar jaaye ya m’azool ho jaaye to dusri wakaalat batil ho jaati hai.
-
Agar (mawakkil) kisi kaam ke liye chand askhaas ko vakeel muqarrar kare aur oos ki ijaazat di ho keh oon mein se har ek zaati taur par oos kaam ko kare to oon mein se har ek kaam ko anjaam de sakta hai aur agar oon mein se ek mar jaaye to dasron ki wakaalat batil nahin hoti laikin agar yeh kaha ho keh sab mil kar anjaam den ya bataur talaaq kaha ho keh tum dono mere vakeel ho to oon mein se koi tanha oos kaam ko anjaam de sakta hai aur agar oon mein se ek mar jaaye to baaqi askhaas ki wakaalat batil ho jaati hai.
-
Agar vakeel ya mawaakil mar jaaye to wakaalat batil ho jaati hai. Neiz jis cheez mein tasarruf ke liye kisi shakhs ko vakeel muqarrar kiya jaaye agar woh cheez talf ho jaaye maslan jis bhed ko bechne ke liye ksisi ko vakeel muqarrar kiya gaya ho aur woh bhed mar jaaye to wakaalat batil ho jaayegi aur isii tarah agar vakeel ya mawakkil mein se koi ek hamesha ke liye diwaana ho jaaye to wakaalat batil ho jaayegi. Laikin agar kabhi kabhi diwaangi ya behawasi ka padta ho to woh wakaalat ka batil hona diwangi aur behawasi ki muddat mein hatta keh diwaangi aur behawasi na hone ki haalat mein bhi mehal ishkaal hai.
-
Agar insaan kisi ko apne kaam ke liye vakeel muqqarar kare aur oose koi cheez dena tay kare tokaam ki takmeel ke b’ad zaruri hai keh jis cheez ka dena tay kiya ho woh oose de de.
-
Jo maal vakeel ke ikhtayaatr mein ho agar woh oos ki tanghadasht mein kotaahi na kare aur jis tasarruf ki oose ijaazat di gayee ho oos ke a’lawa koi tasarruf oos mein na kare aur ittefaqan woh maal talf ho jaaye to oos ka zaamin nahin hai.
-
Jo maal vakeel ke ikhtayaatr mein ho agar woh oos ki tanghadasht mein kotaahi na kare aur jis tasarruf ki oose ijaazat di gayee ho oos ke a’lawa koi tasarruf oos mein na kare aur ittefaqan woh maal talf ho jaaye to woh (vakeel) zimmedaar hai. Lehaaza jis lebaas ke liye oose kaha jaaye keh oose bech do agar woh oose pehan le aur woh lebaas talf ho jaaye to zaruri hai keh oos ka a’uz de.
-
Agar vakeel ko maal mein jis tasarruf ki oose ijaazat di gayee ho oos ke a’lawa koi tasarruf maslan oose jis lebaas ko bechne ke liye kaha jaaye woh oose pehan le aur b’ad mein woh tasarruf kare jis ki oose ijaazat di gayee ho to woh tasarruf sahi hai.
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: | 
